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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Individual, household and environmental risk factors for malaria infection in Amhara, Oromia and SNNP regions of Ethiopia
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 103, No. 12, Year 2009
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Description
We assessed malaria infection in relation to age, altitude, rainfall, socio-economic factors and coverage of control measures in a representative sample of 11 437 people in Amhara, Oromia and SNNP regions of Ethiopia in December 2006-January 2007. Surveys were conducted in 224 randomly selected clusters of 25 households (overall sample of 27 884 people in 5708 households). In 11 538 blood slides examined from alternate households (83% of those eligible), malaria prevalence in people of all ages was 4.1% (95% CI 3.4-4.9), with 56.5% of infections being Plasmodium falciparum. At least one mosquito net or one long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) was present in 37.0% (95% CI 31.1-43.3) and 19.6% (95% CI 15.5-24.5) of households, respectively. In multivariate analysis (n = 11 437; 82% of those eligible), significant protective factors were: number of LLINs per household (odds ratio [OR] per additional net = 0.60; 95% CI 0.40-0.89), living at higher altitude (OR per 100 m = 0.95; 95% CI 0.90-1.00) and household wealth (OR per unit increase in asset index = 0.79; 95% CI 0.66-0.94). Malaria prevalence was positively associated with peak monthly rainfall in the year before the survey (OR per additional 10 mm rain = 1.10; 95% CI 1.03-1.18). People living above 2000 m and people of all ages are still at significant risk of malaria infection. © 2008 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Graves, Patricia M.
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Richards, Frank O.
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Ngondi, Jeremiah M.
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
United Kingdom, Cambridge
University of Cambridge
Emerson, Paul
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Shargie, Estifanos Biru
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Endeshaw, Tekola
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Ceccato, Pietro
United States, New York
Columbia University
Ejigsemahu, Yeshewamebrat
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Mosher, Aryc W.
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Hailemariam, Afework T.
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Federal Ministry of Health - Ethiopia
Zerihun, Mulat
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Teferi, Tesfaye
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Ayele, Berhan
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Mesele, Ayenew
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Yohannes, Gideon
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Tilahun, Abate
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Gebre, Teshome
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Statistics
Citations: 150
Authors: 17
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.11.016
ISSN:
00359203
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Case-Control Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Ethiopia