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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among Men with Sexually Transmitted Diseases
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 319, No. 5, Year 1988
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Description
Heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) appears to occur readily in Africa but less commonly in North America and Europe. We conducted a case-control study among men attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases in Nairobi to determine the prevalence of HIV infection and the risk factors involved. HIV antibody was detected in 11.2 percent of 340 men who enrolled in the study. Reports of nonvaginal heterosexual intercourse and homosexuality were notably rare. Recent injections and blood transfusions were not associated with HIV infection. Travel and frequent contact with prostitutes were associated with HIV seropositivity. Men who were uncircumcised were more likely to have HIV infection (odds ratio, 2.7; P = 0.003), as were those who reported a history of genital ulcers (odds ratio, 7.2; P<0.001). A current diagnosis of genital ulcers was also associated with HIV seropositivity (odds ratio, 2.0; P = 0.028). Multivariate analysis revealed an independent association of genital ulcers with HIV infection in both circumcised and uncircumcised men. Uncircumcised men were more frequently infected with HIV, regardless of a history of genital ulcers. Our study finds that genital ulcers and an intact foreskin are associated with HIV infection in men with a sexually transmitted disease. Genital ulcers may increase men's susceptibility to HIV, or they may increase the infectivity of women infected with HIV. The intact foreskin may operate to increase the susceptibility to HIV. (N Engl J Med 1988; 319:274–8.) © 1988, Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Simonsen, J. N.
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
United States, Seattle
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Canada, Winnipeg
University of Manitoba
Cameron, D. William
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
United States, Seattle
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Canada, Winnipeg
University of Manitoba
Gakinya, Michael N.
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
United States, Seattle
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah O.
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
D'Costa, Lourdes J.D.
Kenya, Nairobi
Nairobi City Council Special Treatment Clinic
Karasira, Peter
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
Cheang, Mary Sy
Canada, Winnipeg
University of Manitoba
Ronald, Allan R.
Canada, Winnipeg
University of Manitoba
Piot, Peter K.
Belgium, Antwerpen
Prins Leopold Instituut Voor Tropische Geneeskunde
Plummer, Francis Allan
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
United States, Seattle
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Canada, Winnipeg
University of Manitoba
Statistics
Citations: 379
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1056/NEJM198808043190504
ISSN:
00284793
e-ISSN:
15334406
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Case-Control Study
Participants Gender
Male
Female