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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Extinction and recolonization of coastal megafauna following human arrival in New Zealand
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Volume 281, No. 1786, Article 20140097, Year 2014
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Description
Extinctions can dramatically reshape biological communities. As a case in point, ancient mass extinction events apparently facilitated dramatic new evolutionary radiations of surviving lineages. However, scientists have yet to fully understand the consequences of more recent biological upheaval, such as the megafaunal extinctions that occurred globally over the past 50 kyr. New Zealand was the world's last large landmass to be colonized by humans, and its exceptional archaeological record documents a vast number of vertebrate extinctions in the immediate aftermath of Polynesian arrival approximately AD 1280. This recently colonized archipelago thus presents an outstanding opportunity to test for rapid biological responses to extinction. Here, we use ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis to show that extinction of an endemic sea lion lineage (Phocarctos spp.) apparently facilitated a subsequent northward range expansion of a previously subantarctic-limited lineage. This finding parallels a similar extinction-replacement event in penguins (Megadyptes spp.). In both cases, an endemic mainland clade was completely eliminated soon after human arrival, and then replaced by a genetically divergent clade from the remote subantarctic region, all within the space of a few centuries. These data suggest that ecological and demographic processes can play a role in constraining lineage distributions, even for highly dispersive species, and highlight the potential for dynamic biological responses to extinction. © 2014 The Author(s).
Authors & Co-Authors
Collins, Catherine J.
Unknown Affiliation
Rawlence, Nicolas J.
Unknown Affiliation
Prost, Stefan
Sweden, Stockholm
Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet
United States, Berkeley
University of California, Berkeley
Anderson, Christian N.K.
United States, La Jolla
University of California, San Diego
Knapp, Michael
United Kingdom, Bangor
Bangor University
Scofield, R. P.
New Zealand, Christchurch
Canterbury Museum
Robertson, Bruce C.
Unknown Affiliation
Smith, Ian W.G.
New Zealand, Dunedin
University of Otago
Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth A.
Unknown Affiliation
Louise Chilvers, B.
New Zealand, Wellington
Te Papa Atawhai
Waters, Jonathan M.
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 56
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1098/rspb.2014.0097
ISSN:
09628452
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics