Epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolated in urinary tract infections at the Moulay Ismail Military Hospital of Meknes

Objective: Evaluate the local epidemiology and the level of resistance to antibiotics of seven hundred and thirty strains of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from non-repetitive urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients in the service of urology and outpatients. Methods: Prospective survey carried out at the microbiology laboratory of the Moulay Ismail Military Hospital in Meknès, on Enterobacteriaceae isolated from urine from October 1, 2006 to October 1, 2008. The percentages of resistance were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Statistical comparisons were made by the X test (Chi). The p-value less or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among the 6000 urinary samples, 730 met the criteria of urinary infection (12.2 %). Among the infections, 30 % came from in-patients and 70 % from out-patients. Sex-ratio F/M was 1.08. Escherichia coli was the predominant strain among nosocomial and community Enterobacteriaceae with respectively 65 and 80 % of isolates. The global resistance level of nosocomial and community Enterobacteriaceae to amoxicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, quinolones, fluoroquinolones, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim and nitrofuranes was high. The third generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides kept a good activity. Global prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was observed in 9 % of Enterobacteriaceae. © 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.