Investigation on antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-cancerous activity of Agaricus bisporus derived β-Glucan against cervical cancer cell line

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women. Due to incomplete knowledge and hidden symptoms, it is not easily diagnosable. After the diagnosis of cervical cancer at an advanced stage, treatment such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy become too much costly along with having many side effects such as hair loss, loss of appetite, nausea, tiredness, etc. β-Glucan does a novel polysaccharide has many immunomodulatory properties. In our research, we have tested the efficacy of Agaricus bisporus derived β-Glucan particles (ADGPs) as an antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer agent against the cervical cancer HeLa cells. Prepared particles were quantified for carbohydrate content by anthrone test and further HPTLC analysis to confirm the polysaccharide nature and 1,3 glycosidic linkages of β-Glucan. ADGPs were found to have efficient antimicrobial activity against various fungal and bacterial tested strains. DPPH assay confirmed the antioxidant activity of ADGPs. Cell viability was assessed against the cervical cancer cell line by using the MTT and IC50 was found at 54μg/ml. Furthermore, β-Glucan was found to induce a significant amount of ROS, leading to the apoptosis of cells. The same was also assessed with the help of Propidium Iodide (PI) staining. With the help of JC-1 staining, β-Glucan was found to disrupt the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP), ultimately resulting in the cancer cell HeLa death. Based on our experimental findings, we found that ADGPs can be proven as an efficient therapy for cervical cancer treatment and work as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent.