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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
general
King penguin population threatened by Southern Ocean warming
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Volume 105, No. 7, Year 2008
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Description
Seabirds are sensitive indicators of changes in marine ecosystems and might integrate and/or amplify the effects of climate forcing on lower levels in food chains. Current knowledge on the impact of climate changes on penguins is primarily based on Antarctic birds identified by using flipper bands. Although flipper bands have helped to answer many questions about penguin biology, they were shown in some penguin species to have a detrimental effect. Here, we present for a Subantarctic species, king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus), reliable results on the effect of climate on survival and breeding based on unbanded birds but instead marked by subcutaneous electronic tags. We show that warm events negatively affect both breeding success and adult survival of this seabird. However, the observed effect is complex because it affects penguins at several spatio/temporal levels. Breeding reveals an immediate response to forcing during warm phases of El Niño Southern Oscillation affecting food availability close to the colony. Conversely, adult survival decreases with a remote sea-surface temperature forcing (i.e., a 2-year lag warming taking place at the northern boundary of pack ice, their winter foraging place). We suggest that this time lag may be explained by the delay between the recruitment and abundance of their prey, adjusted to the particular 1-year breeding cycle of the king penguin. The derived population dynamic model suggests a 9% decline in adult survival for a 0.26°C warming. Our findings suggest that king penguin populations are at heavy extinction risk under the current global warming predictions. © 2008 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2268164/bin/supp_105_7_2493__index.html
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2268164/bin/supp_0712031105_12031Fig4.pdf
Authors & Co-Authors
Le Bohec, Céline
France, Strasbourg
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
Norway, Oslo
Universitetet I Oslo
Durant, Joël Marcel
Norway, Oslo
Universitetet I Oslo
Gauthier-Clerc, Michel
France, Strasbourg
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
France, Arles
Tour du Valat
Chr Stenseth, Nils
Norway, Oslo
Universitetet I Oslo
Norway, Bergen
Havforskningsinstituttet
Park, Younghyang
France, Paris
Museum National D'histoire Naturelle
Pradel, Roger
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Grémillet, David
France, Strasbourg
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Gendner, Jean Paul
France, Strasbourg
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
Le Maho, Yvon
France, Strasbourg
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
Statistics
Citations: 151
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1073/pnas.0712031105
ISSN:
00278424
Research Areas
Food Security
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study