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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Genetic and phenotypic divergence in an island bird: Isolation by distance, by colonization or by adaptation?
Molecular Ecology, Volume 23, No. 5, Year 2014
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Description
Discerning the relative roles of adaptive and nonadaptive processes in generating differences among populations and species, as well as how these processes interact, is a fundamental aim in biology. Both genetic and phenotypic divergence across populations can be the product of limited dispersal and gradual genetic drift across populations (isolation by distance), of colonization history and founder effects (isolation by colonization) or of adaptation to different environments preventing migration between populations (isolation by adaptation). Here, we attempt to differentiate between these processes using island populations of Berthelot's pipit (Anthus berthelotii), a passerine bird endemic to three Atlantic archipelagos. Using microsatellite markers and approximate Bayesian computation, we reveal that the northward colonization of this species ca. 8500 years ago resulted in genetic bottlenecks in the colonized archipelagos. We then show that high levels of genetic structure exist across archipelagos and that these are consistent with a pattern of isolation by colonization, but not with isolation by distance or adaptation. Finally, we show that substantial morphological divergence also exists and that this is strongly concordant with patterns of genetic structure and bottleneck history, but not with environmental differences or geographic distance. Overall, our data suggest that founder effects are responsible for both genetic and phenotypic changes across archipelagos. Our findings provide a rare example of how founder effects can persist over evolutionary timescales and suggest that they may play an important role in the early stages of speciation. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Spurgin, Lewis G.
United Kingdom, Norwich
University of East Anglia
Netherlands, Groningen
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
United Kingdom, Swindon
Natural Environment Research Council
Illera, Juan Carlos
Spain, Oviedo
Universidad de Oviedo
Jorgensen, Tove Hedegaard
United Kingdom, Norwich
University of East Anglia
Denmark, Aarhus
Aarhus Universitet
Dawson, Deborah A.
United Kingdom, Swindon
Natural Environment Research Council
Richardson, David S.
United Kingdom, Norwich
University of East Anglia
Statistics
Citations: 83
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/mec.12672
ISSN:
1365294X
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics