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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Temporal relationship between depression and dementia: Findings from a large community-based 15-year follow-up study
Archives of General Psychiatry, Volume 68, No. 9, Year 2011
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Description
Context: Late-life depression is associated with increased risk of dementia, but the temporal relationship between depression and development of dementia remains unclear. Objectives: To examine the association between risk of dementia and baseline depressive symptoms; history of depression, particularly early-life (<50 years) vs latelife depression (≥50 years); and individual domains of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Design: A large cohort with initially nondemented participants was followed up biennially for up to 15 years. Baseline depressive symptoms were assessed using the 11- item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; presence of significant depressive symptoms was defined as a score of 11 or greater. Self-reported history of depression was collected at the baseline interview. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association between depression and dementia risk. Setting: Population-based cohort drawn from members of the Group Health Cooperative in Seattle, Washington. Participants: A cohort of 3410 participants without dementia aged at least 65 years. Results: During a mean of 7.1 years of follow-up, 658 participants (19.3%) developed dementia. At baseline, 9.4% of participants had presence of significant depressive symptoms, and 21.2% reported a history of depression. The adjusted hazard ratio for dementia associated with baseline depressive symptoms was 1.71 (95% confidence interval, 1.37-2.13), after adjusting for age at entry, sex, educational level, and wave of enrollment. Compared with participants without depression history, those with late-life depression were at increased dementia risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.84), but early-life depression had no association with dementia risk (1.10 [0.83-1.47]). Depressed mood (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-1.76) and perceived performance difficulty (1.39 [1.15-1.67]) were independently associated with dementia. Conclusion: This study confirmed that late-life depression is associated with increased risk of dementia and supplied evidence that late-life depression may be an early manifestation of dementia rather than increasing risk for dementia. ©2011 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Shofer, Jane B.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Thompson, Mary Lou
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Crane, Paul K.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Larson, Eric B.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
United States, Seattle
Group Health Research Institute
Statistics
Citations: 133
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.86
ISSN:
15383636
Research Areas
Environmental
Mental Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study