Occurrence and rapid enzymatic detection of Candida spp. in drinking water; a correlation with bacterial indicators and physicochemical parameters

Drinking water is essential for life of humans and other creatures on the earth. Drinking water can be an important carrier for pathogenic microorganisms and chemicals which led to dangerous human diseases. Correct, rapid, sensitive and continuous monitoring of microbial and physicochemical drinking water quality is essential for keeping safe drinking water. This study investigates the rapid enzymatic detection and occurrence of Candida spp. and bacterial indicators (total coliforms, E. coli, enterococci) using chromogenic media in distribution system drinking water samples. Also, physicochemical quality of drinking water was examined. The correlation between microbial and physicochemical parameters was studied. Results showed occurrence of Candida spp and bacterial indicators in four seasons with higher average counts (CFU/100 ml) in summer. Physicochemical quality of drinking water was complied with permissible limits. Chromogenic media proved rapid monitoring tool for detection of Candida spp. and bacterial indicators without confirmatory tests required. Significant correlation (r) observed between average counts of Candida spp. and both bacterial indicators and most of examined physicochemical parameters.