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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Cardiovascular risk factors in Tanzania: A revisit
Acta Tropica, Volume 79, No. 3, Year 2001
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Description
In this assessment of cardiovascular risk factors, we examined the prevalence of selected risk factors according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) CARDIAC Study protocol and compared them with a similar study conducted more than a decade ago. The survey was carried out in Dar es Salaam (D, urban), Handeni (H, rural) and Monduli (Mo, semi-nomadic area). Subjects aged 47-57 were recruited randomly for blood pressure and anthropometrical measurements, 24 h urine collection and blood sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain dietary information. The 1998 survey studied 446 subjects, while the 1987 survey included 496 men and women. The measured weight, body mass index (BMI) and prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) increased significantly among women in the 1998 survey in rural Handeni and urban Dar. The overall prevalence of obesity was higher for women in the most recent survey (22.8%, P < 0.0001). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was higher in the most recent survey for women in Handeni. The overall prevalence of hypertension (blood pressure > 160/95 mmHg, or antihypertensive drug use), rose to 41.1% in 1998, (P < 0.001) for men and to 38.7% (P < 0.05) for women. The mean total serum cholesterol and prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia increased significantly in the most recent survey in the three studied areas. The overall prevalence of hypercholestrolaemia (serum cholesterol > 5.2 mmol/l) was higher in the 1998 survey for both men (21.8%, P < 0.0001) and women (54.0%, P < 0.0001). The mean HDL cholesterol increased significantly in the most recent survey, with a significant reduction in the mean atherogenic index, though these were still at higher levels (men 5.8, P < 0.0001; women 5.1, P < 0.0001 vs. 1987). A strong positive correlation was observed between blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and body mass index, total serum cholesterol and sodium to potassium ratio. These data suggest that for the past decade there has been an increase in the mean levels and prevalence of selected cardiovascular risk factors in Tanzania. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.
Authors & Co-Authors
Njelekela, Marina Alois
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Negishi, Hiroko
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Nara, Yasuo
Japan, Shimonoseki
University of East Asia
Tomohiro, Miki
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Kuga, Sachiko
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Noguchi, Takanori
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Kanda, Tomo
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Yamori, Masashi
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Mashalla, Yohana James S.
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Jian Liu, Long
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Mtabaji, Jacob Phillip
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Ikeda, Katsumi
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Yamori, Yukio
Japan, Kyoto
Kyoto University
Statistics
Citations: 94
Authors: 13
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/S0001-706X(01)00134-6
ISSN:
0001706X
Research Areas
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Tanzania
Participants Gender
Male
Female