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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
HIV and urethritis: time required for antiretroviral therapy to suppress HIV in semen
AIDS, Volume 37, No. 14, Year 2023
Notification
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Description
Objectives:To examine the time required to suppress HIV in the genital tract with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in men with urethritis.Design:An observational cohort study.Methods:Men with HIV and urethritis not on ART were enrolled at an STI clinic in Malawi and offered to initiate ART. Blood and semen samples were collected pretreatment and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks posturethritis treatment. Median viral loads (VLs) were calculated by ART initiation groups: 'within 1 week', 'between 1 and 4 weeks' and 'no ART before 4 weeks', based on the men's choice about whether or not to initiate ART. The presence of ART at each visit was confirmed by bioanalytical methods.Findings:Between January 2017 and November 2018, 74 men presented with urethritis and HIV and were confirmed ART naive. The median age was 32 years. Forty-one (55% of men) initiated ART within 1 week; 12 (16%) between 1 and 4 weeks; and 21 (28%) did not initiate ART by week 4. Within the 1 week group, median VL was suppressed within 4 weeks in both semen and blood. Among the 1-4 weeks group, VL was suppressed within 4 weeks in semen and 5 weeks in blood. Among the no ART before 4 weeks group, VL in semen declined within the first 4 weeks but remained unsuppressed through week 24, and there was no significant decline in blood HIV.Conclusion:Treatment of urethritis and prompt initiation of ART with counseling for safer sex for at least one month is a critical measure to reduce transmission of HIV. © 2023 by the Association of American.
Authors & Co-Authors
Matoga, Mitch M.
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Chen, Jane S.
Unknown Affiliation
Massa, Cecilia
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Thengolose, Isaac
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Tegha, Gerald L.
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Ndalama, Beatrice
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Bonongwe, Naomi
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Mathiya, Esther
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Jere, Edward
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Banda, Gabriel
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Khan, Shiraz
Malawi, Lilongwe
Unc Project-malawi
Loftis, Amy James
Unknown Affiliation
Kashuba, Angela D.M.
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Cottrell, MacKenzie Leigh
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Lancaster, Kathryn E.
United States, Columbus
The Ohio State University
Miller, William C.
United States, Columbus
The Ohio State University
Eron, Joseph J.
Unknown Affiliation
Hoffman, Irving F.
Unknown Affiliation
Cohen, Myron S.
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Authors: 19
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0000000000003679
ISSN:
02699370
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Malawi
Participants Gender
Male