Skip to content
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Effects of HIV-1 serostatus, HIV-1 RNA concentration, and CD4 cell count on the incidence of malaria infection in a cohort of adults in rural Malawi
Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 192, No. 6, Year 2005
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Description
Background. To assess the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on susceptibility to malaria, we compared the incidence rates of malaria by HIV type 1 (HIV-1) serostatus, baseline blood HIV-1 RNA concentration, and baseline CD4 cell count, over the course of a malaria season. Methods. We followed a cohort of 349 adults in Malawi. For the 224 HIV-1-seropositive adults (64% of the cohort), we measured HIV-1 RNA concentration (n = 187) and CD4 cell count (n = 184) at baseline. Parasitemia was defined as presence of asexual parasites on a thick film of blood and was treated with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP), in accordance with national policy. Hazard ratios (HRs) of parasitemia were estimated using Cox regression. Demographics were adjusted for. Results. HIV-1 seropositivity was associated with parasitemia (adjusted HR, 1.8 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.2-2.7] for a first parasitemia episode; adjusted HR, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.5-4.2] for a second parasitemia episode [>14 days after the first episode]; adjusted HR, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.4-2.6] for parasitemia overall). Treatment failure (parasitemia ≤14 days after SP treatment) did not differ by HIV-1 serostatus (risk ratio, 1.3 [95% CI, 0.5-3.2]). HIV-1 RNA concentrations and CD4 cell counts were moderately but inconsistently associated with parasitemia. A high parasite density with fever was associated with HIV-1 seropositivity and low CD4 cell count. Conclusion. HIV-infected adults in malaria-endemic areas are at increased risk for malaria. Where possible, additional malaria prevention efforts should be targeted at this population. © 2005 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Patnaik, Padmaja
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Jere, Charles S.
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Miller, William C.
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Hoffman, Irving F.
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Wirima, Jack J.
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Pendame, Richard B.
Malawi, Lilongwe
Ministry of Health Malawai
Meshnick, Steven Richard
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Taylor, Terrie Ellen
United States, East Lansing
Msu College of Osteopathic Medicine
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Molyneux, Malcolm Edward
Malawi, Blantyre
Malawi-liverpool-wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme
United Kingdom, Liverpool
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Kublin, James G.
United States, Baltimore
University of Maryland, Baltimore Umb
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Statistics
Citations: 149
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1086/432730
ISSN:
00221899
Research Areas
Environmental
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Locations
Malawi