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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
earth and planetary sciences
TeV Emission of Galactic Plane Sources with HAWC and H.E.S.S.
Astrophysical Journal, Volume 917, No. 1, Article 6, Year 2021
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Description
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are two leading instruments in the ground-based very-high-energy γ-ray domain. HAWC employs the water Cherenkov detection (WCD) technique, while H.E.S.S. is an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The two facilities therefore differ in multiple aspects, including their observation strategy, the size of their field of view, and their angular resolution, leading to different analysis approaches. Until now, it has been unclear if the results of observations by both types of instruments are consistent: several of the recently discovered HAWC sources have been followed up by IACTs, resulting in a confirmed detection only in a minority of cases. With this paper, we go further and try to resolve the tensions between previous results by performing a new analysis of the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey data, applying an analysis technique comparable between H.E.S.S. and HAWC. Events above 1 TeV are selected for both data sets, the point-spread function of H.E.S.S. is broadened to approach that of HAWC, and a similar background estimation method is used. This is the first detailed comparison of the Galactic plane observed by both instruments. H.E.S.S. can confirm the γ-ray emission of four HAWC sources among seven previously undetected by IACTs, while the three others have measured fluxes below the sensitivity of the H.E.S.S. data set. Remaining differences in the overall γ-ray flux can be explained by the systematic uncertainties. Therefore, we confirm a consistent view of the γ-ray sky between WCD and IACT techniques. © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Abdalla, Hassan
Namibia, Windhoek
University of Namibia
Aharonian, F. A.
Ireland, Dublin
Institiúid Ard-lénn Bhaile Átha Cliath
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Armenia, Yerevan
Russian-armenian University
Ait Benkhali, F.
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
France, Marseille
Aix Marseille Université
Arcaro, Cornelia H.E.
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Armand, Céline
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Armstrong, Thomas P.
United Kingdom, Oxford
University of Oxford
Ashkar, Halim
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Backes, Michael
Namibia, Windhoek
University of Namibia
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Baghmanyan, Vardan
Poland, Krakow
Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Barbosa-Martins, V.
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Barnacka, Anna
Poland, Krakow
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Barnard, Monica A.
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Becherini, Yvonne
Sweden, Vaxjo
Linnaeus University, Växjö
Berge, David
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Bernlöhr, Konrad
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Bi, Baiyang
Germany, Tubingen
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Boettcher, M.
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Boisson, Catherine
France, Paris
Université Psl
Bolmont, Julien
France, Paris
Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies
de Bonyde Lavergne, M.
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Breuhaus, Mischa
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Brose, Robert
Ireland, Dublin
Institiúid Ard-lénn Bhaile Átha Cliath
Brun, François
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Brun, Pierre
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Bryan, Marta L.
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
Büchele, Matthias
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Bulk, Tomasz
Poland, Warsaw
University of Warsaw
Bylund, Tomas
Sweden, Vaxjo
Linnaeus University, Växjö
Caroff, Sami
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Carosi, Alessandro
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Chand, Tej
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Chandra, Sunil
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Chen, Andrew W.
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Cotter, Garret
United Kingdom, Oxford
University of Oxford
Curyło, Małgorzata
Poland, Warsaw
University of Warsaw
Damascène Mbarubucyeye, Jean
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Davids, Isak Delberth
Namibia, Windhoek
University of Namibia
Davies, Jim E.
United Kingdom, Oxford
University of Oxford
Deil, Christoph
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Devin, Justine
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Dirson, Ludmilla
Germany, Hamburg
Universität Hamburg
Djannati-Ataï, Arache
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Dmytriiev, Anton
France, Paris
Université Psl
Donath, Axel
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Doroshenko, V. T.
Germany, Tubingen
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Dreyer, Lenté
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Duffy, C. A.
United Kingdom, Leicester
University of Leicester
Dyks, Jarosław
Poland, Warszawa
Polish Academy of Sciences
Egberts, Kathrin
Germany, Potsdam
Universität Potsdam
Eichhorn, F.
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Einecke, Sabrina
Australia, Adelaide
The University of Adelaide
Emery, Gabriel
France, Paris
Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies
Ernenwein, Jean Pierre
France, Marseille
Aix Marseille Université
Feijen, K.
Australia, Adelaide
The University of Adelaide
Fegan, Stephen J.
France, Palaiseau
Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Fiasson, Armand
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Fichet de Clairfontaine, Gaëtan
France, Paris
Université Psl
Fontaine, Gérard
France, Palaiseau
Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Funk, Stefan
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Füssling, Matthias
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Gabici, Stefano
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Gallant, Yves A.
France, Montpellier
Université de Montpellier
Giavitto, Gianluca
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Giunti, Luca
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Glawion, Dorit Eisenacher
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Glicenstein, Jean François
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Gottschall, Daniel
Germany, Tubingen
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Grondin, Marie Hélène
France, Paris
In2p3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
Hahn, Joachim
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Haupt, Maria
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Hermann, German
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Hinton, James A.J.A.
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Hofmann, Werner
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Hoischen, Clemens
Germany, Potsdam
Universität Potsdam
Holch, T. L.
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Holler, Markus
Austria, Innsbruck
Universität Innsbruck
Hörbe, Mario
United Kingdom, Oxford
University of Oxford
Horns, Dieter
Germany, Hamburg
Universität Hamburg
Huber, David
Austria, Innsbruck
Universität Innsbruck
Jamrozy, Marek
Poland, Krakow
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Jankowsky, David
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Jankowsky, Felix
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Jung-Richardt, Ira V.
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Kasai, Eli K.
Namibia, Windhoek
University of Namibia
Kastendieck, Max Anton
Germany, Hamburg
Universität Hamburg
Katarzyński, Krzysztof
Poland, Torun
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu
Katz, Ulrich F.
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Khangulyan, D.
Japan, Tokyo
Rikkyo University
Khélifi, Bruno
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Klepser, Stefan
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Klužniak, Wlodzimierz
Poland, Warszawa
Polish Academy of Sciences
Komin, Nukri
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Konno, Ruslan
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Kosack, Karl
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Kostunin, Dmitriy G.
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Kreter, Michael
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Lamanna, Giovanni
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Lemière, Anne
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Lemoine-Goumard, Marianne
France, Paris
In2p3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
Lenain, Jean Philippe
France, Paris
Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies
Leuschner, Fabian
Germany, Tubingen
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Lohse, Thomas
Germany, Berlin
Humboldt-universität zu Berlin
Lypova, Iryna
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
MacKey, Jonathan
Ireland, Dublin
Institiúid Ard-lénn Bhaile Átha Cliath
Majumdar, Jhilik
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Malyshev, Denys
Germany, Tubingen
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Malyshev, Denys V.
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Marandon, Vincent
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Marchegiani, Paolo
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Marcowith, Alexandre
France, Montpellier
Université de Montpellier
Mares, Arnaud
France, Paris
In2p3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
Martí.-Devesa, G.
Austria, Innsbruck
Universität Innsbruck
Marx, Ramin
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Maurin, Guillaume T.
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Meintjes, Pieter J.
South Africa, Bloemfontein
University of the Free State
Meyer, Manuel S.
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Mitchell, Alison M.W.
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Moderski, Rafaƚ
Poland, Warszawa
Polish Academy of Sciences
Mohrmann, Lars
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Montanari, Alessandro
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Moore, Christopher J.
United Kingdom, Leicester
University of Leicester
Moulin, Emmanuel
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Muller, Jacques
France, Palaiseau
Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Murach, Thomas
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Nakashima, Kaori
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Nayerhoda, Amid
Poland, Krakow
Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
de Naurois, Mathieu
France, Palaiseau
Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Ndiyavala, Hambeleleni
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Niemiec, J.
Poland, Krakow
Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
O'Brien, Paul T.
United Kingdom, Leicester
University of Leicester
Ohm, Stefan
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Olivera-Nieto, Laura
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
De Oña Wilhelmi, Emma
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Ostrowski, Michałl
Poland, Krakow
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Panter, M.
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Panny, Sebastian
Austria, Innsbruck
Universität Innsbruck
Parsons, Robert Daniel
Germany, Berlin
Humboldt-universität zu Berlin
Peron, Giada
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Pita, Santiago
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Poireau, Vincent
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Priyana Noel, A.
Poland, Krakow
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Prokhorov, Dmitry A.
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
Prokoph, Heike
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Pühlhofer, Gerd
Germany, Tubingen
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Punch, Michael
Sweden, Vaxjo
Linnaeus University, Växjö
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Quirrenbach, Andreas
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Reichherzer, Patrick
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Reimer, Anita
Austria, Innsbruck
Universität Innsbruck
Reimer, Olaf
Austria, Innsbruck
Universität Innsbruck
Renaud, Matthieu
France, Montpellier
Université de Montpellier
Rieger, Frank M.
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Rowell, Gavin P.
Australia, Adelaide
The University of Adelaide
Rudak, Bronisław
Poland, Warszawa
Polish Academy of Sciences
Sahakian, Vardan H.
Armenia, Yerevan
Yerevan Physics Institute
Sánchez, David A.
France, Chambery
Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Santangelo, Andrea E.
Germany, Tubingen
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Sasaki, Manami
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Schüssler, Fabian
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Schutte, Hester M.
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Schwanke, Ullrich
Germany, Berlin
Humboldt-universität zu Berlin
Seyffert, Albertus S.
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Shafi, Nebiha
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Shapopi, J. N.S.
Namibia, Windhoek
University of Namibia
Shiningayamwe, K.
Namibia, Windhoek
University of Namibia
Sinha, Atreyee
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Sol, Hélène
France, Paris
Université Psl
Stawarz, Łukasz
Poland, Krakow
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Sun, Lei
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
Steenkamp, R.
Namibia, Windhoek
University of Namibia
Stegmann, Christian
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Germany, Potsdam
Universität Potsdam
Steppa, Constantin
Germany, Potsdam
Universität Potsdam
Takahashi, Tadayuki
Japan, Tokyo
The University of Tokyo
Terrier, Régis
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Tluczykont, Martin
Germany, Hamburg
Universität Hamburg
Tuffs, Richard J.
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Uchiyama, Yasunobu
Japan, Tokyo
Rikkyo University
van der Walt, D. J.
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Van Eldik, Christopher
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
van Rensburg, Carlo
Namibia, Windhoek
University of Namibia
van Soelen, Brian V.A.N.
South Africa, Bloemfontein
University of the Free State
Vasileiadis, Georges
France, Montpellier
Université de Montpellier
Venter, Christo
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Vincent, P.
France, Paris
Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies
Vink, Jacco S.
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
Völk, Heinrich J.
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Wadiasingh, Zorawar
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Wagner, Stefan J.
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
White, Richard J.
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Wierzcholska, Alicja
Poland, Krakow
Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Germany, Heidelberg
Universität Heidelberg
Zacharias, Michael
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
France, Paris
Université Psl
Zanin, Roberta
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Zdziarski, Andrzej A.
Poland, Warszawa
Polish Academy of Sciences
Zech, Andreas
France, Paris
Université Psl
Zhu, Sylvia J.
Germany, Hamburg
Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron Desy
Z̀ywucka, Natalia
South Africa, Potchefstroom
North-west University
Albert, Andrea M.
United States, Los Alamos
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Alfaro, Rubén
Mexico, Mexico
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Belmont-Moreno, Ernesto
Mexico, Mexico
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Casanova, Sabrina
Poland, Warszawa
Polish Academy of Sciences
De La Fuente, Eduardo
Mexico, Guadalajara
Universidad de Guadalajara
Japan, Tokyo
The University of Tokyo
Díaz-Vélez, J. C.
Mexico, Guadalajara
Universidad de Guadalajara
Dingus, Brenda L.
United States, Los Alamos
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Durocher, Mora
United States, Los Alamos
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Fan, K. L.
United States, College Park
University of Maryland, College Park
Jardin-Blicq, Armelle
Germany, Heidelberg
Max-planck-institut Für Kernphysik
Thailand, Bangkok
Chulalongkorn University
Thailand, Chiangmai
National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand
Joshi, Vikas
Germany, Erlangen
Friedrich-alexander-universität Erlangen-nürnberg
Kieda, David B.
United States, Salt Lake City
The University of Utah
Lee, William H.
Mexico, Mexico
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
López-Coto, Rubén
Italy, Padua
Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione Di Padova
Martínez, Oscar M.
Mexico, Puebla
Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
Martínez-Castellanos, Israel
United States, College Park
University of Maryland, College Park
Mostaf́a, Miguel Alejandro
United States, University Park
Pennsylvania State University
Omodei, Nicola
United States, Palo Alto
Stanford University
Statistics
Citations: 14
Authors: 214
Affiliations: 62
Identifiers
Doi:
10.3847/1538-4357/abf64b
ISSN:
0004637X
Research Areas
Environmental
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative