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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
environmental science
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination of surface sediments and oysters from the inter-tidal areas of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Environmental Pollution, Volume 157, No. 1, Year 2009
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Description
Surface sediment and oyster samples from the inter-tidal areas of Dar es Salaam were analyzed for 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including the 16 compounds prioritized by US-EPA using GC/MS. The total concentration of PAHs in the sediment ranged from 78 to 25,000 ng/g dry weight, while oyster concentrations ranged from 170 to 650 ng/g dry weight. Hazards due to sediment contamination were assessed using Equilibrium Partitioning Sediment Benchmarks and Threshold Effect Levels. Diagnostic indices and principle component analysis were used to identify possible sources. Interestingly, no correlation between sediment and oyster concentrations at the same sites was found. This is supported by completely different contamination patterns, suggesting different sources for both matrices. Hazard assessment revealed possible effects at six out of eight sites on the benthic communities and oyster populations. The contribution of PAH intake via oyster consumption to carcinogenic risks in humans seems to be low. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Gaspare, Lydia
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
University of Dar es Salaam
Machiwa, John Ferdinand
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
University of Dar es Salaam
Mdachi, S. J.M.
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
University of Dar es Salaam
Streck, Georg
Germany, Leipzig
Helmholtz Zentrum Für Umweltforschung
Brack, Werner
Germany, Leipzig
Helmholtz Zentrum Für Umweltforschung
Statistics
Citations: 115
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 2
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.envpol.2008.08.002
ISSN:
02697491
Research Areas
Environmental
Study Locations
Tanzania