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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Physiology of incretins (GIP and GLP-1) and abnormalities in type 2 diabetes
Diabetes and Metabolism, Volume 34, No. SUPPL. 2, Year 2008
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Description
Incretin hormones are defined as intestinal hormones released in response to nutrient ingestion, which potentiate the glucose-induced insulin response. In humans, the incretin effect is mainly caused by two peptide hormones, glucose-dependent insulin releasing polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). GIP is secreted by K cells from the upper small intestine while GLP-1 is mainly produced in the enteroendocrine L cells located in the distal intestine. Their effect is mediated through their binding with specific receptors, though part of their biological action may also involve neural modulation. GIP and GLP-1 are both rapidly degraded into inactive metabolites by the enzyme dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). In addition to its effects on insulin secretion, GLP-1 exerts other significant actions, including stimulation of insulin biosynthesis, inhibition of glucagon secretion, inhibition of gastric emptying and acid secretion, reduction of food intake, and trophic effects on the pancreas. As the insulinotropic action of GLP-1 is preserved in type 2 diabetic patients, this peptide was likely to be developed as a therapeutic agent for this disease. © 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Gautier, Jean François
France, Paris
Inserm
France, Paris
Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers
Choukem, Siméon Pierre
France, Paris
Inserm
Statistics
Citations: 143
Authors: 2
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/S1262-3636(08)73397-4
ISSN:
12623636
Research Areas
Food Security
Noncommunicable Diseases