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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Epidemiological patterns of foot-and-mouth disease worldwide
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Volume 55, No. 1, Year 2008
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Description
Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) is a clinical syndrome in animals due to FMD virus that exists in seven serotypes, whereby recovery from one sero-type does not confer immunity against the other six. So when considering intervention strategies in endemic settings, it is important to take account of the characteristics of the different serotypes in different ecological systems. FMD serotypes are not uniformly distributed in the regions of the world where the disease still occurs. For example, the cumulative incidence of FMD serotypes show that six of the seven serotypes of FMD (O, A, C, SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3) have occurred in Africa, while Asia contends with four sero-types (O, A, C, Asia-1), and South America with only three (O, A, C). Periodically there have been incursions of Types SAT-1 and SAT-2 from Africa into the Middle East. This paper describes the global dynamics for the seven sero-types and attempts to define FMD epidemiological clusters in the different regions of the world. These have been described on a continent by continent basis. The review has reaffirmed that the movement of infected animals is the most important factor in the spread of FMD within the endemically infected regions. It also shows that the eco-system based approach for defining the epidemiological patterns of FMD in endemic, which was originally described in South America, can apply readily to other parts of the world. It is proposed that any coordinated regional or global strategy for FMD control should be based on a sound epidemiological assessment of the incidence and distribution of FMD, identifying risk sources as either primary or secondary endemic eco-systems. © 2008 The Authors Journal compilation 2008 Blackwell Verlag.
Authors & Co-Authors
Rweyemamu, Mark M.
United Kingdom, London
Royal Veterinary College University of London
Roeder, Peter L.
Italy, Rome
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
MacKay, David K.J.
Netherlands, Amsterdam
European Medicines Agency
Sumption, Keith J.
Italy, Rome
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Leforban, Yves
France, Paris
Ministère de L'agriculture et de la Pêche
Valarcher, Jean Francois
Unknown Affiliation
Knowles, Nick James
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 213
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1865-1682.2007.01013.x
ISSN:
18651682
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cohort Study