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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Impact of long-lasting, insecticidal nets on anaemia and prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum among children under five years in areas with highly resistant malaria vectors
Malaria Journal, Volume 13, No. 1, Article 76, Year 2014
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Description
Background: The widespread use of insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) leads to the development of vector resistance to insecticide. This resistance can reduce the effectiveness of LLIN-based interventions and perhaps reverse progress in reducing malaria morbidity. To prevent such difficulty, it is important to know the real impact of resistance in the effectiveness of mosquito nets. Therefore, an assessment of LLIN efficacy was conducted in malaria prevention among children in high and low resistance areas. Methods. The study was conducted in four rural districts and included 32 villages categorized as low or high resistance areas in Plateau Department, south-western Benin. Larvae collection was conducted to measure vector susceptibility to deltamethrin and knockdown resistance (kdr) frequency. In each resistance area, around 500 children were selected to measure the prevalence of malaria infection as well as the prevalence of anaemia associated with the use of LLINs. Results: Observed mortalities of Anopheles gambiae s.s population exposed to deltamethrin ranged from 19 to 96%. Knockdown resistance frequency was between 38 and 84%. The prevalence of malaria infection in children under five years was 22.4% (19.9-25.1). This prevalence was 17.3% (14.2-20.9) in areas of high resistance and 27.1% (23.5-31.1) in areas of low resistance (p = 0.04). Eight on ten children that were aged six - 30 months against seven on ten of those aged 31-59 months were anaemic. The anaemia observed in the six to 30-month old children was significantly higher than in the 31-59 month old children (p = 0.00) but no difference associated with resistance areas was observed (p = 0.35). The net use rate was 71%. The risk of having malaria was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) with LLIN use in both low and high resistance areas. The preventive effect of LLINs in high resistance areas was 60% (95% CI: 40-70), and was significantly higher than that observed in low resistance areas (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the resistance of malaria vectors seems to date not have affected the impact of LLINs and the use of LLINs was highly associated with reduced malaria prevalence irrespective of resistance. © 2014 Tokponnon et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Tokponnon, Filémon Tatchémè
Unknown Affiliation
Ogouyémi, Aurore Hounto
Unknown Affiliation
Sissinto, Yolande
Unknown Affiliation
Sovi, Arthur
Unknown Affiliation
Gnanguénon, Virgile
Unknown Affiliation
Cornélie, Sylvie
Unknown Affiliation
Adéothy, Adicath Adéola
Unknown Affiliation
Ossè, Razaki A.
Unknown Affiliation
Wakpo, Abel
Unknown Affiliation
Gbénou, Dina V.
Unknown Affiliation
Okê-Sopoh, Mariam
Unknown Affiliation
Kindé-Gazard, Dorothée Akoko
Unknown Affiliation
Kleinschmidt, Immo
Unknown Affiliation
Akogbéto, Martin Codjo
Unknown Affiliation
Massougbodji, Achille
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 45
Authors: 15
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1475-2875-13-76
e-ISSN:
14752875
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Benin