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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Gambian villagers
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 43, No. 6, Year 2006
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Description
Background. To prepare for the introduction of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine of restricted valency, we studied the nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Gambian villagers. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 21 villages after a census. We recorded demographic characteristics, information on medical history, and data on possible risk factors for carriage from subjects. We collected a nasopharyngeal swab specimen from each subject for isolation and serotyping of S. pneumoniae and for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results. The prevalence of S. pneumoniae carriage among 2872 villagers was 72%. It was highest among infants (i.e., children aged <1 year; 97%); the rate was 93% among babies aged <1 month and decreased with increasing age (P < .001). Prevalence of carriage was linked to proximity to another village. Sixty-three percent of isolates recovered from children aged <5 years were covered by the 7-valent vaccine or were of a vaccine-related serotype, compared with 43% of isolates overall. Forty-three isolates (14.3%) tested were initially penicillin resistant; none had high-level resistance, and 4 had intermediate resistance. The rates of resistance to other antibiotics were as follows: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 39%; tetracycline, 32.3%; chloramphenicol, 6.3%; cefotaxime, 0.3%; and erythromycin, 0%. The rates were highest for isolates of vaccine serotypes. Conclusions. Pneumococcal carriage rates among Gambian villagers are very high. A pneumococcal conjugate vaccine of restricted valency should reduce the pool of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci. The large reservoir of pneumococci of nonvaccine serotypes will require close monitoring when the vaccine is introduced. © 2006 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Hill, Philip C.
Unknown Affiliation
Akisanya, Abiodun
Unknown Affiliation
Sankareh, Kawsu
Unknown Affiliation
Cheung, Yin Bun
Unknown Affiliation
Saaka, Mark
Unknown Affiliation
Lahai, George P.
Unknown Affiliation
Greenwood, Brian M.
Unknown Affiliation
Adegbola, Richard A.
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 173
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1086/506941
ISSN:
10584838
Research Areas
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative