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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey
BMC Public Health, Volume 23, No. 1, Article 2061, Year 2023
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Description
Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a global public health concern for both men and women. Spatial mapping and clustering analysis can reveal subtle patterns in IPV occurrences but are yet to be explored in Rwanda, especially at a lower small-area scale. This study seeks to examine the spatial distribution, patterns, and associated factors of IPV among men and women in Rwanda. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of the 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) individual-level data set for 1947 women aged 15–49 years and 1371 men aged 15–59 years. A spatially structured additive logistic regression model was used to assess risk factors for IPV while adjusting for spatial effects. The district-level spatial model was adjusted for fixed covariate effects and was implemented using a fully Bayesian inference within the generalized additive mixed effects framework. Results: IPV prevalence amongst women was 45.9% (95% Confidence interval (CI): 43.4–48.5%) while that for men was 18.4% (95% CI: 16.2–20.9%). Using a bivariate choropleth, IPV perpetrated against women was higher in the North-Western districts of Rwanda whereas for men it was shown to be more prevalent in the Southern districts. A few districts presented high IPV for both men and women. The spatial structured additive logistic model revealed higher odds for IPV against women mainly in the North-western districts and the spatial effects were dominated by spatially structured effects contributing 64%. Higher odds of IPV were observed for men in the Southern districts of Rwanda and spatial effects were dominated by district heterogeneity accounting for 62%. There were no statistically significant district clusters for IPV in both men or women. Women with partners who consume alcohol, and with controlling partners were at significantly higher odds of IPV while those in rich households and making financial decisions together with partners were at lower odds of experiencing IPV. Conclusion: Campaigns against IPV should be strengthened, especially in the North-Western and Southern parts of Rwanda. In addition, the promotion of girl-child education and empowerment of women can potentially reduce IPV against women and girls. Furthermore, couples should be trained on making financial decisions together. In conclusion, the implementation of policies and interventions that discourage alcohol consumption and control behaviour, especially among men, should be rolled out. © 2023, BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
Authors & Co-Authors
Maposa, Innocent
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences
South Africa, Stellenbosch
Stellenbosch University
Twabi, Halima Sumayya
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Matsena-Zingoni, Zvifadzo
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences
United States, Los Angeles
University of California, Los Angeles
Batidzirai, Jesca Mercy
South Africa, Durban
University of Kwazulu-natal
Singini, Geoffrey Chiyuzga
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Mohammed, Mohanad
South Africa, Durban
University of Kwazulu-natal
Bere, Alphonce
South Africa, Thohoyandou
University of Venda
Kgarosi, Kabelo
South Africa, Pretoria
University of Pretoria
McHunu, Nobuhle Nokubonga
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Congella
Centre for the Aids Programme of Research in South Africa
Nevhungoni, Portia
South Africa, Durban
University of Kwazulu-natal
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Moyo-Chilufya, Maureen
South Africa, Pretoria
University of Pretoria
Ojifinni, Oludoyinmola Omobolade
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Musekiwa, Alfred
South Africa, Pretoria
University of Pretoria
Statistics
Authors: 13
Affiliations: 10
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/s12889-023-16988-8
ISSN:
14712458
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Maternal And Child Health
Substance Abuse
Violence And Injury
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Rwanda
Participants Gender
Male
Female