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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Triple-fortified rice containing vitamin A reduced marginal vitamin a deficiency and increased vitamin A liver stores in school-aged Thai children
Journal of Nutrition, Volume 144, No. 4, Year 2014
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Description
Vitamin A (VA)-fortified rice is a potential intervention strategy to prevent VA deficiency in at-risk populations. Hotextruded, triple-fortified rice grains with added VA, zinc, and iron were produced by hot extrusion technology and their ability to improve VA status was tested in Thai schoolchildren. The fortification levels were 10 mg of iron, 9 mg of zinc, and 1.05 mg of VA/g extruded rice. A paired stable isotope dilution technique with labeled 13C2-retinyl acetate (13C-RID) was used to quantify VA pool size at the beginning and end of the feeding period. Fifty healthy schoolchildren with a serum retinol (SR) concentration of >0.7 μmol/L were randomly assigned to 2 groups to receive either triple-fortified rice (n = 25) or natural rice (n = 25) for 2 mo as part of the daily school meal. The fortified grains, mixed 1:50 with regular rice, were estimated to provide an extra 890 μg of VA/d, 5 d/wk. 13C2-retinyl acetate (1.0 μmol) was administered orally to each child before and at the end of the feeding period to estimate total body reserves (TBRs) of VA, which increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the intervention group from 153 ± 66 μmol retinol at baseline to 269 ± 148 μmol retinol after 2 mo of feeding. There was no change in the TBRs of VA in the control group (108 ± 67 vs. 124 ± 89 μmol retinol) (P = 0.22). Serum retinol remained unchanged in both groups. We conclude that VA-fortified, hot-extruded rice is an efficacious vehicle to provide additional VA to at-risk populations, and that the efficacy of VA-fortified foods can be usefully monitored by the 13C-RID measurement of TBRs of VA but not by changes in SR concentration. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01199445. © 2014 American Society for Nutrition.
Authors & Co-Authors
Wegmüller, Rita
Switzerland, Zurich
Eth Zürich
Udomkesmalee, Emorn
Thailand, Nakhon Pathom
Mahidol University
Winichagoon, Pattanee
Thailand, Nakhon Pathom
Mahidol University
Hurrell, Richard F.
Switzerland, Zurich
Eth Zürich
Tanumihardjo, Sherry Ann
United States, Madison
University of Wisconsin-madison
Statistics
Citations: 42
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.3945/jn.113.182998
ISSN:
00223166
Research Areas
Food Security
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial