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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Force of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: A cross-sectional observation study
BMC Infectious Diseases, Volume 11, Article 156, Year 2011
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Description
Background: Understanding of the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis (TB) in high TB and HIV prevalent settings is required in order to develop effective intervention strategies for TB control. However, there are little data assessing incidence of TB infection in adolescents in these settings.Methods: We performed a tuberculin skin test (TST) and HIV survey among secondary school learners in a high HIV and TB prevalence community. TST responses to purified protein derivative RT23 were read after 3 days. HIV-infection was assessed using Orasure® collection device and ELISA testing. The results of the HIV-uninfected participants were combined with those from previous surveys among primary school learners in the same community, and force of TB infection was calculated by age.Results: The age of 820 secondary school participants ranged from 13 to 22 years. 159 participants had participated in the primary school surveys. At a 10 mm cut-off, prevalence of TB infection among HIV-uninfected and first time participants, was 54% (n = 334/620). HIV prevalence was 5% (n = 40/816). HIV infection was not significantly associated with TST positivity (p = 0.07). In the combined survey dataset, TB prevalence was 45% (n = 645/1451), and was associated with increasing age and male gender. Force of infection increased with age, from 3% to 7.3% in adolescents ≥20 years of age.Conclusions: We show a high force of infection among adolescents, positively associated with increasing age. We postulate this is due to increased social contact with infectious TB cases. Control of the TB epidemic in this setting will require reducing the force of infection. © 2011 Middelkoop et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Middelkoop, Keren
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Bekker, Linda-Gail Gail
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Liang, Hua
United States, Rochester
University of Rochester Medical Center
Aquino, Lisa D.H.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Sebastian, Elaine
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Myer, Landon
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
United States, New York
Mailman School of Public Health
Wood, Robin Y.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Statistics
Citations: 73
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1471-2334-11-156
e-ISSN:
14712334
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Participants Gender
Male