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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Survey of poliovirus antibodies during the final stage of polio eradication in Egypt
Vaccine, Volume 25, No. 27, Year 2007
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Description
Background: Egypt provides ideal conditions for poliovirus (PV) transmission (high population density, high contact rates and low sanitation and hygiene in some areas). Despite excellent program performance, wild poliovirus type 1 (PV1) continue to circulate in 2004. To investigate potential causes for the persistence, we conducted a serological study. Methods: Seroprevalence surveys were conducted in "polio-endemic" regions (Greater Cairo and Upper Egypt) and in one control region (Lower Egypt) in December 2004. Sera collected from infants aged 6-11 months were tested for antibodies to poliovirus by neutralization assay. Results: A total of 973 subjects were tested. Seroprevalence to PV type 1 (PV1), PV type 2 (PV2) and PV type 3 (PV3) was 99, 99 and 91%, respectively. Significant variation in PV3 seroprevalence was found (range: 76-100%). Region, density, maternal education, socioeconomic status (SES), stunting and diarrhea were significant risk factors for lower seroprevalence in the univariate analysis. Conclusions: Our study suggested that uniformly high immunity levels (>96%) were required to interrupt PV1 transmission in the last remaining reservoirs (last PV1 was isolated in mid-January 2005 in Egypt). It further suggests substantial regional differences in OPV immunogenicity, with rural areas and low SES achieving the lowest seroprevalence to PV3. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
El-Sayed, Nasr M.
Egypt, Cairo
Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population
Al-Jorf, Samir
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Hennessey, Karen A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Salama, Maha
Egypt, Cairo
Vacsera
Watkins, Margaret A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Abdelwahab, Jalaa A.
Egypt, Cairo
Who
Pallansch, Mark A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Gary, Howard E.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Wahdan, Mohammed Helmy
Egypt, Cairo
Who
Sutter, Roland Walter
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Statistics
Citations: 26
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.04.022
ISSN:
0264410X
Research Areas
Environmental
Food Security
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Egypt