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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria in Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
Malaria Journal, Volume 7, Article 220, Year 2008
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Description
Background. Plasmodium vivax accounts for about 40% of all malaria infection in Ethiopia. Chloroquine (CQ) is the first line treatment for confirmed P. vivax malaria in the country. The first report of CQ treatment failure in P. vivax was from Debre Zeit, which suggested the presence of chloroquine resistance. Methods. An in vivo drug efficacy study was conducted in Debre Zeit from June to August 2006. Eighty-seven patients with microscopically confirmed P. vivax malaria, aged between 8 months and 52 years, were recruited and treated under supervision with CQ (25 mg/kg over three days). Clinical and parasitological parameters were assessed during the 28 day follow-up period. CQ and desethylchloroquine (DCQ) blood and serum concentrations were determined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in patients who showed recurrent parasitaemia. Results. Of the 87 patients recruited in the study, one was lost to follow-up and three were excluded due to P. falciparum infection during follow-up. A total of 83 (95%) of the study participants completed the follow-up. On enrolment, 39.8% had documented fever and 60.2% had a history of fever. The geometric mean parasite density of the patients was 7045 parasites/μl. Among these, four patients had recurrent parasitaemia on Day 28. The blood CQ plus DCQ concentrations of these four patients were all above the minimal effective concentration (> 100 ng/ml). Conclusion. Chloroquine-resistant P. vivax parasites are emerging in Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. A multi-centre national survey is needed to better understand the extent of P. vivax resistance to CQ in Ethiopia. © 2008 Teka et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Teka, Hiwot
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Addis Ababa University
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Petros, Beyene L.
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Addis Ababa University
Yamuah, Lawrence K.
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Tesfaye, Gezahegn
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Federal Ministry of Health - Ethiopia
el-Hassan, Ibrahim M.
Sudan, Khartoum
Khartoum University
Muchohi, Simon N.
Kenya, Nairobi
Wellcome Trust Research Laboratories Nairobi
K’okwaro, Gilbert O.
Kenya, Nairobi
Wellcome Trust Research Laboratories Nairobi
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
Aseffa, Abraham
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Engers, Howard D.
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Statistics
Citations: 97
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1475-2875-7-220
e-ISSN:
14752875
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Ethiopia