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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Associations between HIV antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence and incidence of pregnancy in Rakai, Uganda
AIDS Research and Treatment, Volume 2011, Article 519492, Year 2011
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Description
Background. Use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be associated with higher pregnancy rates. Methods. The prevalence and incidence of pregnancy was assessed in 712 HIV+ pre-ART women of reproductive age (WRA) (15-45) and 244 HIV+ WRA initiating ART. Prevalence rate ratios (PRR), incidence rate ratios (IRR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were assessed. Results. The incidence of pregnancy was 13.1/100 py among women in pre-ART care compared to 24.6/100 py among women on ART (IRR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.37, 0.81, p<0.0017). The prevalence of pregnancy at ART initiation was 12.0% with CD4 counts 100-250 compared with 3.2% with CD4 <100 (PRR = 3.24, CI 1.51-6.93), and the incidence of pregnancy while on ART was highest in women with a good immunologic response. Desire for more children was a very important factor in fertility. Conclusion. ART was associated with increased pregnancy rates in HIV+ women, particularly those with higher CD4 counts and good immunologic response to therapy, suggesting a need to strengthen reproductive health services for both women and their partners that could address their fertility decisions/intentions particularly after ART initiation. © 2011 Fredrick. E. Makumbi et al.
Authors & Co-Authors
Makumbi, Fredrick Edward
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University
Uganda, Kalisizo
Rakai Health Sciences Program
Nakigozi, Gertrude F.
Uganda, Kalisizo
Rakai Health Sciences Program
Reynolds, Steven James
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Ndyanabo, Anthony
Uganda, Kalisizo
Rakai Health Sciences Program
Lutalo, Tom
Uganda, Kalisizo
Rakai Health Sciences Program
Serwadda, David Musoke
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University
Nalugoda, Fred Kakaire
Uganda, Kalisizo
Rakai Health Sciences Program
Wawer, Maria J.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg
Gray, Ronald H.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg
Statistics
Citations: 73
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1155/2011/519492
e-ISSN:
20901259
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Locations
Uganda
Participants Gender
Female