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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
HIV-1 infection in high risk men who have sex with men in Mombasa, Kenya
AIDS, Volume 21, No. 18, Year 2007
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Description
BACKGROUND: The role of homosexuality and anal sex practices in the African HIV -1 epidemic is not well described. We aimed to assess the risk factors for prevalent HIV-1 infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) to guide HIV-1 prevention efforts. METHODS: Socio-behavioural characteristics, signs and symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), and serological evidence of HIV-1 were determined for 285 MSM at enrolment into a vaccine preparedness cohort study. We used multivariate logistic regression to assess risk factors for prevalent HIV-1 infection. RESULTS: HIV-1 prevalence was 43.0% [49/114, 95% confidence interval (CI), 34-52%] for men who reported sex with men exclusively (MSME), and 12.3% (21/171, 95% CI, 7-17%) for men who reported sex with both men and women (MSMW). Eighty-six (75%) MSME and 69 (40%) MSMW reported recent receptive anal sex. Among 174 MSM sexually active in the last week, 44% reported no use of condoms with casual partners. In the previous 3 months, 210 MSM (74%) reported payment for sex, and most clients (93%) were local residents. Prevalent HIV-1 infection was associated with recent receptive anal sex [odds ratio (OR), 6.1; 95% CI, 2.4-16], exclusive sex with men (OR, 6.3; 95% CI, 2.3-17), and increasing age (OR, 1.1 per year; 95% CI, 1.04-1.12). Only four MSM reported injecting drug use. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of HIV-1 in Kenyan MSM is probably attributable to unprotected receptive anal sex. There is an urgent need for HIV-1 prevention programmes to deliver targeted risk-reduction interventions and STD services to MSM in Kenya. © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Sanders, Eduard Joachim
Kenya, Kilifi
Centre for Geographic Medicine Research
United Kingdom, Oxford
University of Oxford
Graham, Susan Marie
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Okuku, Haile Selassie
Kenya, Kilifi
Centre for Geographic Medicine Research
van der Elst, Elise Maria
Kenya, Kilifi
Centre for Geographic Medicine Research
Muhaari, Allan
Kenya, Kilifi
Centre for Geographic Medicine Research
Davies, Alun
Kenya, Kilifi
Centre for Geographic Medicine Research
Peshu, Norbert M.
Kenya, Kilifi
Centre for Geographic Medicine Research
Price, Matt A.
United States, New York
International Aids Vaccine Initiative
McClelland, Raymond Scott
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Smith, A. D.
United Kingdom, Oxford
University of Oxford
Statistics
Citations: 229
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282f2704a
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Kenya
Participants Gender
Male
Female