Nutritional status associated with clinical outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A multicenter prospective study in Egypt

Few studies have addressed the relationship between the nutritional status of patients with COVID-19 and their disease course. This multicenter prospective study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and its association with their clinical outcomes. Sociodemographic, physical, clinical, and nutritional data of 121 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were collected upon admission and at discharge from three COVID-19 quarantine hospitals in Egypt via a questionnaire and a standardized scale. The majority (73.6%) of the patients had a reduced dietary intake over the last week before admission, and 57% were severely ill. Overall, 14% had a high risk of malnutrition on admission, increasing to 26.3% at discharge. Malnutrition was present in most (85.7%) of the intensive care unit patients and deaths, compared with recovered patients (14%). We concluded that malnutrition might worsen the clinical outcomes and increase the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended to manage patients with COVID-19, considering their nutritional status before and during infection, with early detection of high-risk patients in order to design and provide the appropriate nutritional support.