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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Rangewide population genetic structure of the African malaria vector Anopheles funestus
Molecular Ecology, Volume 14, No. 14, Year 2005
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Description
Anopheles funestus is a primary vector of malaria in Africa south of the Sahara. We assessed its rangewide population genetic structure based on samples from 11 countries, using 10 physically mapped microsatellite loci, two per autosome arm and the X (N = 548), and 834 bp of the mitochondrial ND5 gene (N = 470). On the basis of microsatellite allele frequencies, we found three subdivisions: eastern (coastal Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique and Madagascar), western (Burkina Faso, Mali, Nigeria and western Kenya), and central (Gabon, coastal Angola). A. funestus from the southwest of Uganda had affinities to all three subdivisions. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) corroborated this structure, although mtDNA gene trees showed less resolution. The eastern subdivision had significantly lower diversity, similar to the pattern found in the codistributed malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. This suggests that both species have responded to common geographic and/or climatic constraints. The western division showed signatures of population expansion encompassing Kenya west of the Rift Valley through Burkina Faso and Mali. This pattern also bears similarity to A. gambiae, and may reflect a common response to expanding human populations following the development of agriculture. Due to the presumed recent population expansion, the correlation between genetic and geographic distance was weak. Mitochondrial DNA revealed further cryptic subdivision in A. funestus, not detected in the nuclear genome. Mozambique and Madagascar samples contained two mtDNA lineages, designated clade I and clade II, that were separated by two fixed differences and an average of 2% divergence, which implies that they have evolved independently for ∼1 million years. Clade I was found in all 11 locations, whereas clade II was sampled only on Madagascar and Mozambique. We suggest that the latter clade may represent mtDNA capture by A. funestus, resulting from historical gene flow either among previously isolated and divergent populations or with a related species. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Michel, Andrew P.
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Ingrasci, M. J.
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Schemerhorn, B. J.
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Kern, Marcia K.
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Le Goff, Gilbert
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Coetzee, Maureen
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Institute for Communicable Diseases
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Elissa, Nohal
Gabon, Franceville
Centre International de Recherches Medicales de Franceville
Fontenille, Didier
France, Montpellier
Ird Centre de Montpellier
Vulule, John M.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Lehmann, Tovi V.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Sagnon, N'Falé F.
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Centre National de Recherche et de Formation Sur le Paludisme
Costantini, Carlo
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement Ouagadougou
Besansky, Nora J.
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Statistics
Citations: 77
Authors: 13
Affiliations: 10
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02754.x
ISSN:
09621083
e-ISSN:
1365294X
Research Areas
Cancer
Environmental
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Angola
Burkina Faso
Gabon
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mozambique
Nigeria
Tanzania
Uganda