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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Interdependence of domestic malaria prevention measures and mosquito-human interactions in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Malaria Journal, Volume 6, Article 126, Year 2007
Notification
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Description
Background. Successful malaria vector control depends on understanding behavioural interactions between mosquitoes and humans, which are highly setting-specific and may have characteristic features in urban environments. Here mosquito biting patterns in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania are examined and the protection against exposure to malaria transmission that is afforded to residents by using an insecticide-treated net (ITN) is estimated. Methods. Mosquito biting activity over the course of the night was estimated by human landing catch in 216 houses and 1,064 residents were interviewed to determine usage of protection measures and the proportion of each hour of the night spent sleeping indoors, awake indoors, and outdoors. Results. Hourly variations in biting activity by members of the Anopheles gambiae complex were consistent with classical reports but the proportion of these vectors caught outdoors in Dar es Salaam was almost double that of rural Tanzania. Overall, ITNs confer less protection against exophagic vectors in Dar es Salaam than in rural southern Tanzania (59% versus 70%). More alarmingly, a biting activity maximum that precedes 10 pm and much lower levels of ITN protection against exposure (38%) were observed for Anopheles arabiensis, a vector of modest importance locally, but which predominates transmission in large parts of Africa. Conclusion. In a situation of changing mosquito and human behaviour, ITNs may confer lower, but still useful, levels of personal protection which can be complemented by communal transmission suppression at high coverage. Mosquito-proofing houses appeared to be the intervention of choice amongst residents and further options for preventing outdoor transmission include larviciding and environmental management. © 2007 Geissbühler et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Geissbühler, Yvonne
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Tanzania, Ifakara
Ifakara Health Institute
Chaki, Prosper Pius
Tanzania, Ifakara
Ifakara Health Institute
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam City Council
United Kingdom, Durham
Durham University
Emidi, Basiliana
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam City Council
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
University of Dar es Salaam
Govella, Nicodemus James
Tanzania, Ifakara
Ifakara Health Institute
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam City Council
United Kingdom, Durham
Durham University
Shirima, Rudolf
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam City Council
Mayagaya, Valeliana
Tanzania, Ifakara
Ifakara Health Institute
Mtasiwa, Deo M.
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam City Council
Mshinda, Hassan M.
Tanzania, Ifakara
Ifakara Health Institute
Fillinger, Ulrike
United Kingdom, Durham
Durham University
Lindsay, Steve W.
United Kingdom, Durham
Durham University
Kannady, Khadija
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam City Council
de Castro, Marcia Caldas
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Tanner, Marcel
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Killeen, Gerry Francis
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Tanzania, Ifakara
Ifakara Health Institute
United Kingdom, Durham
Durham University
Statistics
Citations: 161
Authors: 14
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1475-2875-6-126
e-ISSN:
14752875
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Study Locations
Tanzania