Tremorgenic neurotoxins from perennial ryegrass causing ryegrass staggers disorder of livestock: Structure elucidation of lolitrem B

The lolitrems, tremorgenic neurotoxins isolated from perennial ryegrass, are implicated in ryegrass staggers disorder in livestock; the assignment of structure (1) to the major neurotoxin, lolitrem B, is based on its spectroscopic properties, particularly a detailed study of its high-field 1H and 13C n.m.r. spectra, as well as chemical evidence.