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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Factors affecting the immunogenicity of oral poliovirus vaccine: A prospective evaluation in brazil and the gambia
Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 171, No. 5, Year 1995
Notification
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Description
To assess factors that may influence the immunogenicity of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), neutralizing antibody responses were measured in 1409 infants in Brazil and the Gambia who were randomized to receive one offfour different formulations of OPV at ∼birth and at 6, 10, and 14 weeks. Overall seroconversion rates at the end of the trial were 85% for poliovirus type 1 (PI), 94% for type 2 (P2), and 68% for type 3 (P3). Factors associated with vaccine failure included high levels of maternal antibody (PI, P2, and P3), vaccination during the rainy season (PI, P2, and P3), diarrhea at the time of vaccination (P2 and P3), household exposure to other OPV recipients (PI), and breast-feeding (P3) (P <.05 for each factor, logistic regression analysis). OPV containing twice the standard potency of Sabin type 1 virus increased seroconversion rates to PI by 8% in Brazil (P <.05) and 15% in the Gambia (P <.001). Suboptimal responses to OPV in developing countries are determined by a complex array of factors related to the vaccine, host, and environment. © 1995 by The University of Chicago.
Authors & Co-Authors
Biellik, Robin Julian
United States, New York
Unicef
Greenwood, Brian M.
United Kingdom, London
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Hall, Andrew J.
United Kingdom, London
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
United States, Madison
University of Wisconsin-madison
Whittle, Hilton C.
United Kingdom, Salisbury
Ministry of Health
Gała̧zka, Artur M.
United States, Nashville
Vanderbilt University
Robertson, Susan E.
United States, Nashville
Vanderbilt University
Wright, Peter F.
United States, Nashville
Vanderbilt University
Linkins, Robert W.
United States, Silver Spring
Food and Drug Administration
Orenstein, Walter A.
United States, Silver Spring
Food and Drug Administration
Patriarca, Peter A.
United States, Silver Spring
Food and Drug Administration
Zell, Elizabeth R.
Unknown Affiliation
Kew, Olen M.
Unknown Affiliation
Maher, Kaija
Unknown Affiliation
Pallansch, Mark A.
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 127
Authors: 14
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1093/infdis/171.5.1097
ISSN:
00221899
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Gambia