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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
High prevalence of hepatitis E in humans and pigs and evidence of genotype-3 virus in Swine, Madagascar
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 88, No. 2, Year 2013
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Description
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes an orofecal disease transmitted through poor hygiene environments, contaminated food (mainly pork products), or by contacts with infected animals. Very little data are currently available regarding the disease in the Southwestern Indian Ocean Islands. We report the first sero- and viro-survey for HEV in human and swine in Madagascar. A seroprevalence rate of 14.1% (60 of 427) was measured in slaughterhouse workers. Seroprevalence to HEV in pigs was estimated to 71.2% (178 of 250), strongly suggesting the existence of a zoonotic cycle. Three out of 250 pig livers (1.2%) tested HEV RNA-positive by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analyses based on 1-kb sequences of the ORF 2-3 identified these viruses as HEV genotype 3. Sequences clustered in a distinct Malagasy sub-clade, possibly representative of a new sub-genotype, for which the date of emergence was estimated around 1989. Further studies are needed to confirm other transmission routes of HEV to humans, especially through non-zoonotic cycles. Copyright © 2013 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Temmam, Sarah
Unknown Affiliation
Besnard, Lydia
Unknown Affiliation
Andriamandimby, Soa Fy
Unknown Affiliation
Foray, Coralie
Unknown Affiliation
Rasamoelina-Andriamanivo, Harentsoaniaina
Unknown Affiliation
Héraud, Jean Michel
Unknown Affiliation
Cardinale, Éric
Unknown Affiliation
Dellagi, Koussey
Unknown Affiliation
Pavio, Nicole
Unknown Affiliation
Pascalis, Hervé
Unknown Affiliation
Porphyre, Vincent
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 51
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0615
ISSN:
00029637
Research Areas
Food Security
Genetics And Genomics
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Madagascar