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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome and mtDNA variation in Africa: Evidence for sex-biased demographic processes
European Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 13, No. 7, Year 2005
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Description
To investigate associations between genetic, linguistic, and geographic variation in Africa, we type 50 Y chromosome SNPs in 1122 individuals from 40 populations representing African geographic and linguistic diversity. We compare these patterns of variation with those that emerge from a similar analysis of published mtDNA HVS1 sequences from 1918 individuals from 39 African populations. For the Y chromosome, Mantel tests reveal a strong partial correlation between genetic and linguistic distances (r=0.33, P=0.001) and no correlation between genetic and geographic distances (r= -0.08, P>0.10). In contrast, mtDNA variation is weakly correlated with both language (r=0.16, P=0.046) and geography (r=0.17, P=0.035). AMOVA indicates that the amount of paternal among-group variation is much higher when populations are grouped by linguistics (ΦCT = 0.21) than by geography (ΦCT = 0.06). Levels of maternal genetic among-group variation are low for both linguistics and geography (ΦCT = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). When Bantu speakers are removed from these analyses, the correlation with linguistic variation disappears for the Y chromosome and strengthens for mtDNA. These data suggest that patterns of differentiation and gene flow in Africa have differed for men and women in the recent evolutionary past. We infer that sex-biased rates of admixture and/or language borrowing between expanding Bantu farmers and local hunter-gatherers played an important role in influencing patterns of genetic variation during the spread of African agriculture in the last 4000 years. © 2005 Nature Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Wood, E. T.
United States, Tucson
The University of Arizona
Stover, Daryn A.
United States, Tucson
The University of Arizona
Ehret, Christopher
United States, Los Angeles
University of Los Angeles
Destro Bisol, Giovanni Giovanni
Italy, Rome
Sapienza Università Di Roma
Spedini, Gabriella
Italy, Rome
Sapienza Università Di Roma
McLeod, Howard Lewis
United States, St. Louis
Washington University in St. Louis
Louie, L.
United States, Oakland
Ucsf Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland
Bamshad, Michael J.
United States, Salt Lake City
University of Utah Health Sciences
Strassmann, Beverly Ilse
United States, Ann Arbor
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Soodyall, Himla
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Hammer, Michael F.
United States, Tucson
The University of Arizona
Statistics
Citations: 213
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201408
ISSN:
10184813
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Maternal And Child Health
Participants Gender
Male
Female