Designer composite of montmorillonite-reduced graphene oxide-PEG polymer for water treatment: Enrofloxacin sequestration and cost analysis
Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 453, Article 139771, Year 2023
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Synergistically combining lower performing adsorbents may effectively enhance the composite's aqueous contaminant uptake and reduce water treatment cost. Hence in this study, Montmorillonite (Mont) was coupled to graphene oxide (GO)/reduced GO (rGO), and covalently bonded to polyethylene glycol methyl ether (PEG) using a scalable facile amidation method to produce the designer composite. This was employed for the sequestration of an aqueous emerging contaminant (enrofloxacin). Characterization showed attachment of thin GO-PEG films on the surface of Mont, with marked differences in elemental constitution and functionalities post-preparation. Enrofloxacin adsorption equilibrium was fast and optimal at ≤30 min and pH 6, respectively, while the data fitted the pseudo-second order and Langmuir models with maximum adsorption of 310.6 mg/g. Reuse and cost analysis of the composite showed effective optimal reuse (≥72 %) in real/simulated water samples after 4 adsorption–desorption cycles, while the clay-polymer composite was significantly a cheaper adsorbent with higher adsorption efficiency than other conventional adsorbents.