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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
The burden of common infectious disease syndromes at the clinic and household level from population-based surveillance in rural and Urban Kenya
PLoS ONE, Volume 6, No. 1, Article e16085, Year 2011
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Description
Background: Characterizing infectious disease burden in Africa is important for prioritizing and targeting limited resources for curative and preventive services and monitoring the impact of interventions. Methods: From June 1, 2006 to May 31, 2008,we estimated rates of acute lower respiratory tract illness (ALRI), diarrhea and acute febrile illness (AFI) among >50,000 persons participating in population-based surveillance in impoverished, rural western Kenya (Asembo) and an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya (Kibera). Field workers visited households every two weeks, collecting recent illness information and performing limited exams. Participants could access free high-quality care in a designated referral clinic in each site. Incidence and longitudinal prevalence were calculated and compared using Poisson regression. Results: Incidence rates resulting in clinic visitation were the following: ALRI - 0.36 and 0.51 episodes per year for children <5 years and 0.067 and 0.026 for persons ≥5 years in Asembo and Kibera, respectively; diarrhea - 0.40 and 0.71 episodes per year for children <5 years and 0.09 and 0.062 for persons ≥5 years in Asembo and Kibera, respectively; AFI - 0.17 and 0.09 episodes per year for children <5 years and 0.03 and 0.015 for persons ≥5 years in Asembo and Kibera, respectively. Annually, based on household visits, children <5 years in Asembo and Kibera had 60 and 27 cough days, 10 and 8 diarrhea days, and 37 and 11 fever days, respectively. Household-based rates were higher than clinic rates for diarrhea and AFI, this difference being several-fold greater in the rural than urban site. Conclusions: Individuals in poor Kenyan communities still suffer from a high burden of infectious diseases, which likely hampers their development. Urban slum and rural disease incidence and clinic utilization are sufficiently disparate in Africa to warrant data from both settings for estimating burden and focusing interventions. © 2011 Mosch et al.
Authors & Co-Authors
Feikin, Daniel R.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Olack, Beatrice
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Bigogo, Godfrey M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Audi, Allan O.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Cosmas, Leonard O.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Aura, Barrack
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Burke, Heather M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Njenga, Moses Kariuki
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Williamson, John Michael
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Breiman, Robert F.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Statistics
Citations: 190
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 2
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0016085
e-ISSN:
19326203
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Locations
Kenya