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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Effectiveness of pentavalent and monovalent rotavirus vaccines in concurrent use among US children <5 years of age, 2009-2011
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 57, No. 1, Year 2013
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Description
Background We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) for RotaTeq (RV5; 3 doses) and Rotarix (RV1; 2 doses) at reducing rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) inpatient and emergency department (ED) visits in US children.Methods We enrolled children <5 years of age hospitalized or visiting the ED with AGE symptoms from November 2009-June 2010 and from November 2010-June 2011 at 7 medical institutions. Fecal specimens were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and genotyped. Vaccination among laboratory-confirmed rotavirus cases was compared with rotavirus-negative AGE controls. Regression models calculated VE estimates for each vaccine, age, ethnicity, genotype, and clinical setting.Results RV5-specific analyses included 359 rotavirus cases and 1811 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV1-specific analyses included 60 rotavirus cases and 155 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV5 and RV1 were 84% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78%-88%) and 70% (95% CI, 39%-86%) effective, respectively, against rotavirus-associated ED visits and hospitalizations combined. By clinical setting, RV5 VE against ED and inpatient rotavirus-associated visits was 81% (95% CI, 70%-84%) and 86% (95% CI, 74%-91%), respectively. RV1 was 78% (95% CI, 46%-91%) effective against ED rotavirus disease; study power was insufficient to evaluate inpatient RV1 VE. No waning of immunity was evident during the first 4 years of life for RV5, nor during the first 2 years of life for RV1. RV5 provided genotype-specific protection against each of the predominant strains (G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G12P[8]), while RV1 VE was statistically significant for the most common genotype, G3P[8].Conclusions Both RV5 and RV1 significantly protected against medically attended rotavirus gastroenteritis in this real-world assessment. © 2013 The Author.
Authors & Co-Authors
Payne, Daniel C.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Edwards, Kathryn M.
United States, Nashville
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Szilâgyi, Peter G.
United States, Rochester
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
Klein, Eileen J.
United States, Seattle
Seattle Children's Hospital
Selvarangan, Rangaraj
United States, Kansas City
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
Azimi, Parvin H.
United States, Oakland
Ucsf Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland
Harrison, Christopher J.
United States, Kansas City
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
Baker, Carol J.
United States, Houston
Texas Children's Hospital
United States, Houston
Baylor College of Medicine
McNeal, Monica Malone
United States, Cincinnati
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Chappell, James D.
United States, Nashville
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Weinberg, Geoffrey A.
United States, Rochester
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
Tate, Jacqueline E.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Curns, Aaron T.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Esona, Mathew Dioh
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bowen, Michael D.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Gentsch, Jon R.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Parashar, Umesh D.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Statistics
Citations: 152
Authors: 18
Affiliations: 10
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1093/cid/cit164
ISSN:
15376591
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Maternal And Child Health