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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Urinary schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Yemen: Prevalence, risk factors, and the effect of a chemotherapeutic intervention
Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, Volume 88, No. 3, Year 2013
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Description
Background: Schistosomiasis is one of the most important public health problems in Yemen. The prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis varies considerably across different parts of Yemen and was estimated to be 10% among schoolchildren in Sana'a. Praziquantel (PZQ) is highly effective against all five major human species of schistosomes. Objectives: The aim of the present work was to estimate the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis, describe the risk factors associated with its endemicity, and implement and assess a chemotherapeutic intervention using PZQ in a village in Yemen. Patients and methods: The sample included 696 schoolchildren from a village in Abyan Governorate. During the baseline school survey, personal, sociodemographic, and environmental data, and data on practices in relation to water contact were collected from each study participant using a predesigned structured questionnaire. Urine samples from each participant were examined for macrohematuria and the presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs. The chemotherapeutic intervention was assessed 3 and 6 months after the treatment and certain indicators were calculated. Results: The prevalence of S. haematobium was 18.1%. The main significant risk factors were male sex; proximity of houses to water ponds; and using pond water for swimming, agricultural activities, and for bathing in houses. PZQ treatment reduced the prevalence of infection and decreased the prevalence of high-intensity infection. Survival analysis showed that the probability of residual infection also dropped after the treatment intervention. Conclusion and recommendations: Male sex and using pond water for various activities were the main significant risk factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis. PZQ is still a cornerstone drug in reducing or eliminating morbidity associated with schistosomiasis infection. Health education programs tailored for the community are required for the control and prevention of urinary schistosomiasis. To address schoolchildren, school curricula should include lessons about urinary schistosomiasis. © 2013 Egyptian Public Health Association.
Authors & Co-Authors
Al-Waleedi, Ali Ahmed
Yemen, Aden
University of Aden
El-Nimr, Nessrin Ahmed
Egypt, Alexandria
High Institute of Public Health
Hasab, Aly A.
Egypt, Alexandria
High Institute of Public Health
Bassiouny, Hassan K.
Egypt, Alexandria
High Institute of Public Health
Al-Shibani, Latifa A.
Yemen, Sana'a
Sana'a University
Statistics
Citations: 8
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/01.EPX.0000441277.96615.96
ISSN:
00132446
e-ISSN:
2090262X
Research Areas
Environmental
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Participants Gender
Male