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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression in older Australian adults
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Volume 38, No. 1, Article e5847, Year 2023
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Description
Objectives: To investigate whether vitamin D supplementation reduces depressive symptoms and incidence of antidepressant use. Methods: We used data from the D-Health Trial (N = 21,315), a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of monthly vitamin D3 for the prevention of all-cause mortality. Participants were Australians aged 60–84 years. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ–9) at 1, 2 and 5 years after randomization to measure depressive symptoms; national prescribing records were used to capture antidepressant use. We used mixed models and survival models. Results: Analyses of PHQ-9 scores included 20,487 participants (mean age 69·3 years, 46% women); the mean difference (MD) in PHQ-9 score (vitamin D vs. placebo) was 0·02 (95% CI −0·06, 0·11). There was negligible difference in the prevalence of clinically relevant depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10) (odds ratio 0·99; 95% CI 0·90, 1·08). We included 16,670 participants in the analyses of incident antidepressant use (mean age 69·4 years, 43% women). Incidence of antidepressant use was similar between the groups (hazard ratio [HR] 1·04; 95% CI 0·96, 1·12). In subgroup analyses, vitamin D improved PHQ-9 scores in those taking antidepressants at baseline (MD −0·25; 95% CI −0·49, −0·01; p-interaction = 0·02). It decreased risk of antidepressant use in participants with predicted 25(OH)D concentration <50 nmol/L (HR 0·88; 95% CI 0·75, 1·02; p-interaction = 0·01) and increased risk in those with predicted 25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L (HR 1·10; 95% CI 1·01, 1·20). Conclusion: Monthly supplementation with high-dose vitamin D3 was not of benefit for measures of depression overall, but there was some evidence of benefit in subgroup analyses. Clinical Trial Registration: The trial is registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12613000743763. https://www.anzctr.org.au/. © 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Almeida, Osvaldo P.
Australia, Perth
The University of Western Australia
Berk, Michael
Australia, Geelong
Barwon Health
Ebeling, Peter R.
Australia, Clayton
Monash University
Hartel, Gunter F.
Australia, Brisbane
Qimr Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Scott, James Graham
Australia, Brisbane
Qimr Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Australia, Brisbane
Queensland Children’s Hospital
Whiteman, David C.
Australia, Brisbane
Qimr Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Australia, Brisbane
The University of Queensland
Neale, Rachel E.
Australia, Brisbane
Qimr Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Australia, Brisbane
The University of Queensland
Statistics
Citations: 1
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 12
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/gps.5847
ISSN:
08856230
Research Areas
Disability
Environmental
Health System And Policy
Mental Health
Substance Abuse
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Participants Gender
Female