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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Survey of poliovirus antibodies in Kano, Northern Nigeria
Vaccine, Volume 32, No. 12, Year 2014
Notification
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Description
Introduction: In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis. Since then, much progress towards this goal has been made, but three countries including Nigeria remain polio-endemic as of end 2012. To assess the immunity level against poliomyelitis in young children in Northern Nigeria, we conducted a seroprevalence survey in the Kano Metropolitan Area (KMA) in May 2011. Methods: Parents or guardians of infants aged 6-9. months or children aged 36-47. months presenting to the outpatient department of Murtala Mohammad Specialist Hospital were approached for participation, screened for eligibility and were asked to provide informed consent. After that, a questionnaire was administered and blood was collected for neutralization assay. Results: A total of 327 subjects were enrolled. Of these, 313 (96%) met the study requirements and were analyzed (161 [51%] aged 6-9. months and 152 [49%] aged 36-47. months). Among subjects aged 6-9. months, seroprevalence was 81% (95% confidence interval [CI] 75-87%) to poliovirus type 1, 76% (95% CI 68-81%) to poliovirus type 2, and 73% (95% CI 67-80%) to poliovirus type 3. Among subjects aged 36-47. months, the seroprevalence was 91% (95% CI 86-95%) to poliovirus type 1, 87% (95% CI 82-92%) for poliovirus type 2, and 86% (95% CI 80-91%) to poliovirus type 3. Seroprevalence was associated with history of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) doses, maternal education and gender. Conclusions: Seroprevalence is lower than required levels for poliovirus interruption in the KMA. Persistence of immunity gaps in the 36-47. months group is a big concern. Since higher number of vaccine doses is associated with higher seroprevalence, it implies that failure-to-vaccinate and not vaccine failure accounts for the suboptimal seroprevalence. Intensified efforts are necessary to administer polio vaccines to all target children and surpass the threshold levels for herd immunity. © 2013.
Authors & Co-Authors
Iliyasu, Zubairu
Nigeria, Kano
Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital
Nwaze, Eric
Nigeria, Abuja
National Primary Health Care Development Agency
Verma, Harish
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Mustapha, Asani O.
Nigeria, Kano
Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital
Weldegebriel, Goitom Gebremedhin
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Gasasira, Alex Ntale
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Pallansch, Mark A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Gajida, Auwalu Umar
Nigeria, Kano
Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital
Pate, Muhammad Ali
Nigeria, Abuja
National Primary Health Care Development Agency
United States, Durham
Duke University
Sutter, Roland Walter
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Statistics
Citations: 23
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.060
ISSN:
0264410X
e-ISSN:
18732518
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Nigeria