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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Interactions of atenolol with alprazolam/escitalopram on anxiety, depression and oxidative stress
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Volume 117, Year 2014
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Description
Anxiety and depression are highly comorbid disorders possibly sharing a common neurobiological mechanism. The dysfunction of serotoninergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission, abnormal regulation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), disturbance of cellular plasticity including reduced neurogenesis, or chronic inflammation connected with high oxidative damage play a crucial role in the development of anxiety and depression. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of atenolol alone and in combination with alprazolam/escitalopram on anxiety, depression and oxidative stress. Wistar albino rats were subjected to 21 day treatment of drugs then exposed to elevated-plus maze (EPM) and modified forced swim test (MFST), and oxidative stress markers were estimated in isolated brain tissue of all groups. The results indicated that atenolol in combination with alprazolam/escitalopram exhibited antidepressant effects by significantly decreasing the immobility and increasing the swimming behavior in the MFST and anti-anxiety effects by increasing the percentage preference and number of open arm entries as well as time spent in open arm in EPM. Pretreatment with atenolol alone and combination with alprazolam/escitalopram also ameliorated tissue glutathione (GSH) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level significantly which explore antioxidant properties of drugs, and combination augments the therapeutic response of monotherapy in depression. In conclusion behavioral and biological findings indicate that the combination of atenolol with alprazolam/escitalopram has the potential of being highly efficacious in treating anxiety and depressive disorders as well as oxidative stress. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Shahzad, Naiyer
Saudi Arabia, Makkah
Umm Al-qura University
India, New Delhi
Jamia Hamdard Faculty of Pharmacy
Ahmad, Javed
India, New Delhi
Jamia Hamdard Faculty of Pharmacy
Khan, Wajahatullah M.
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
Al-Ghamdi, Saeed Saeed
Saudi Arabia, Makkah
Umm Al-qura University
Ain, M. Ruhal
India, New Delhi
Jamia Hamdard Faculty of Pharmacy
Ibrahim, Ibrahim Abdel Aziz
Saudi Arabia, Makkah
Umm Al-qura University
Akhtar, Md Sayeed
India, New Delhi
Jamia Hamdard Faculty of Pharmacy
Khanam, Razia
India, New Delhi
Jamia Hamdard Faculty of Pharmacy
United Arab Emirates, Ajman
Gulf Medical University
Statistics
Citations: 23
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.pbb.2013.12.015
ISSN:
00913057
e-ISSN:
18735177
Research Areas
Mental Health