Background: The factors that predispose to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are not fully understood, However. Gene polymorphisms have been associated with PTB development. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the relationship between LIPA gene polymorphisms and a predisposition to pulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods: A total of 202 cases of PTB and 218 healthy controls (HCS) were included in this study. Analyses were done under allelic, homozygous, and heterozygous, dominant, recessive models, and were used to calculate values, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for assessing the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and disease risk. Genotyping was conducted using the real time polymerase chain reaction with high resolution melting curve analysis. Results: When comparing PTB patients with healthy controls (HCS), significant associations with disease development were observed for both SNPs rs1051338 and rs7922269. Analysis was done based on models of genetic inheritance in man that is co-dominant, recessive and dominant models. Rs1051338, the heterozygous (AC vs. AA) P: 0.001, OR: 1.998, 95% CI: 1.312–3.042 and homozygous (CC vs. AA) P: < 0.001, OR: 4.078, 95% CI: 2.134–7.796 Co-dominant associated with increased risk for the disease. Under recessive (CC vs. AA + AC), P: 0.001, OR: 2.829: 95% CI: 1.543–5.185 and dominant model (AC + CC vs. AA) P: < 001, OR: 2.331, 95% CI: 1.564–3.474 the genotypes distribution increased the individual risk, plus its alleles distribution (P: < 0.001, OR: 2.004, 95% CI: 1.505–2.669). Considering SNP rs7922269 mutation significantly increased pulmonary tuberculosis risk as was observed in the homozygous GG vs. TT (P: 0.003, OR: 3.162, 95% CI: 1.431–6.989); heterozygous GT vs. TT (P: < 0.001, OR: 1.2.259, 95% CI: 1.503–3.394); dominant model (GT + GG vs. TT; P: < 0.001, OR: 2.061, 95% CI: 1.402–3.032) and the allele G (P: < 0.001, OR: 1.829, 95% CI:1.361–2.458), however no significant association was observed in the Recessive model (GG vs. TT + GT; P: 0.057, OR: 2.568, 95% CI: 0.965–4.432). Conclusion: The findings of our study strengthen the hypothesis that LIPA rs1051338 and rs7922269 polymorphism associated with increased risk for pulmonary Tb in a sample of northern Chinese population.
