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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Association of community antibiotic consumption with clinically active trachoma in rural Ethiopia
International Health, Volume 3, No. 4, Year 2011
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Description
Community antibiotic utilization and its relationship with trachoma has been poorly characterized in areas with endemic trachoma. A survey of all drug-dispensing facilities in an area of rural Ethiopia was conducted. Antibiotic use was calculated using both retrospective and prospective methodology, and expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs). Overall antibiotic consumption estimates ranged from 2.91 to 3.07 DDDs per 1000 person days. Macrolide antibiotics accounted for 0.01 to 0.02 DDDs per 1000 person days. Each additional DDD of antibiotic use per 1000 person days was associated with a 15.0% (95% CI -19.7 to -10.3) decrease in the prevalence of clinically active trachoma among children under 10 years of age after adjusting for age, gender, altitude and the distance to nearest town. Increased background community antibiotic use may therefore be an aspect of socioeconomic development that can partially explain why trachoma prevalence has decreased in some areas in the absence of a trachoma program. The low volume of macrolide consumption in this area suggests that selection for nasopharyngeal pneumococcal macrolide resistance after mass azithromycin treatments likely has little clinical significance. © 2011 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ayele, Berhan
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Belay, Tesfaye
Ethiopia
Goncha Siso Enese Woreda Health Office
Gebre, Teshome
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Zerihun, Mulat
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Amere, Abayneh
Ethiopia
Goncha Siso Enese Woreda Health Office
Assefa, Yared
Ethiopia, Gondar
University of Gondar
Habte, Dereje
United States, Atlanta
The Carter Center
Loh, Allison R.
United States, San Francisco
F.i. Proctor Foundation
Stoller, Nicole E.
United States, San Francisco
F.i. Proctor Foundation
Keenan, Jeremy David
United States, San Francisco
F.i. Proctor Foundation
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
Statistics
Citations: 10
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.inhe.2011.06.001
ISSN:
18763413
e-ISSN:
18763405
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Ethiopia