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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Discordant Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Code Status at Death
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, Volume 61, No. 4, Year 2021
Notification
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Description
Context: One fundamental way to honor patient autonomy is to establish and enact their wishes for end-of-life care. Limited research exists regarding adherence with code status. Objectives: This study aimed to characterize cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) attempts discordant with documented code status at the time of death in the U.S. and to elucidate potential contributing factors. Methods: The Cerner Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) outcomes database, which includes 237 U.S. hospitals that collect manually abstracted data from all critical care patients, was queried for adults admitted to intensive care units with a documented code status at the time of death from January 2008 to December 2016. The primary outcome was discordant CPR at death. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify patient-level and hospital-level associated factors after adjustment for age, hospital, and illness severity (APACHE III score). Results: A total of 21,537 patients from 56 hospitals were included. Of patients with a do-not-resuscitate code status, 149 (0.8%) received CPR at death, and associated factors included black race, higher APACHE III score, or treatment in small or nonteaching hospitals. Of patients with a full code status, 203 (9.0%) did not receive CPR at death, and associated factors included higher APACHE III score, primary neurologic or trauma diagnosis, or admission in a more recent year. Conclusion: At the time of death, 1.6% of patients received or did not undergo CPR in a manner discordant with their documented code statuses. Race and institutional factors were associated with discordant resuscitation, and addressing these disparities may promote concordant end-of-life care in all patients. © 2020 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine
Authors & Co-Authors
Robbins, Alexandria J.
United States, Minneapolis
University of Minnesota Medical School
Ingraham, Nicholas E.
United States, Minneapolis
University of Minnesota Medical School
Chipman, Jeffrey G.
United States, Minneapolis
University of Minnesota Medical School
Charles, Anthony G.
United States, Chapel Hill
Unc School of Medicine
United States, Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Statistics
Citations: 4
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.09.015
ISSN:
08853924
Research Areas
Health System And Policy