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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Clinical characterization of the HOXA1 syndrome BSAS variant
Neurology, Volume 69, No. 12, Year 2007
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Description
BACKGROUND: The Bosley-Salih-Alorainy syndrome (BSAS) variant of the congenital human HOXA1 syndrome results from autosomal recessive truncating HOXA1 mutations. We describe the currently recognized spectrum of ocular motility, inner ear malformations, cerebrovascular anomalies, and cognitive function. METHODS: We examined nine affected individuals from five consanguineous Saudi Arabian families, all of whom harbored the same I75-I76insG homozygous mutation in the HOXA1 gene. Patients underwent complete neurologic, neuro-ophthalmologic, orthoptic, and neuropsychological examinations. Six individuals had CT, and six had MRI of the head. RESULTS: All nine individuals had bilateral Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) type 3, but extent of abduction and adduction varied between eyes and individuals. Eight patients were deaf with the common cavity deformity of the inner ear, while one patient had normal hearing and skull base development. Six had delayed motor milestones, and two had cognitive and behavioral abnormalities meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria for autism spectrum disorder. MRI of the orbits, extraocular muscles, brainstem, and supratentorial brain appeared normal. All six appropriately studied patients had cerebrovascular malformations ranging from unilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia to bilateral agenesis. CONCLUSIONS: This report extends the Bosley-Salih-Alorainy syndrome phenotype and documents the clinical variability resulting from identical HOXA1 mutations within an isolated ethnic population. Similarities between this syndrome and thalidomide embryopathy suggest that the teratogenic effects of early thalidomide exposure in humans may be due to interaction with the HOX cascade. ©2007AAN Enterprises, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Bosley, Thomas M.
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
United States, Camden
Cooper University Hospital
Salih, Mustafa Abdalla M.
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Khalid University Hospital
Alorainy, Ibrahim A.
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Khalid University Hospital
Oystreck, Darren T.
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital
Nester, Michael J.
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
Abu-Amero, Khaled Khader
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
Qatar, Doha
Shafallah Medical Genetics Center
Tischfield, Max A.
United States, Boston
Boston Children's Hospital
United States, Boston
Harvard Medical School
Engle, Elizabeth C.
United States, Boston
Boston Children's Hospital
United States, Boston
Harvard Medical School
Statistics
Citations: 76
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1212/01.wnl.0000276947.59704.cf
ISSN:
00283878
Research Areas
Cancer
Disability
Genetics And Genomics
Health System And Policy
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study