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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
High HIV incidence in a cohort of male injection drug users in Delhi, India
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Volume 139, Year 2014
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Description
Background: India has an estimated 177,000 injection drug users (IDU) with a national HIV prevalence of 7.14%. Reliable estimates of HIV incidence are not available for this population. Methods: We report HIV incidence in a cohort of male, HIV-negative IDUs recruited through peer-referral, targeted outreach and as walk-in clients in Delhi from May to October, 2011. Fourth-generation Antigen-Antibody tests were used to diagnose new infections and results were confirmed using Western blot tests. HIV incidence based on HIV seroconversion was calculated as number of events/person-years. Cox regression was used to identify significant (p< 0.05) seroconversion predictors. Results: A total of 2790 male HIV-negative IDUs were recruited at baseline; 67.4% (n= 1880) returned for their first follow-up visit and 96% (n= 1806) underwent HIV testing. Participants were followed for a median of 9.7 months. A total of 112 new HIV infections occurred over a cumulative 1398.5 person-years of follow-up resulting in an incidence rate of 8.01 new infections/100 person-years (95% CI: 6.65-9.64); 74% of these participants reported risky injection practices in the past month. In multivariate analysis, moderate-high risk injection behaviors (Adjusted Hazard Ratio [AHR] 2.59; 95% CI 1.45-4.62) were associated with a higher risk of new infections. Conclusions: Male IDUs in Delhi continue to practice unsafe injection practices leading to high sero-incidence despite the availability of HIV prevention services offered through targeted intervention programs. © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Sarna, Avina
Unknown Affiliation
Saraswati, Lopamudra Ray
Unknown Affiliation
Sebastian, Mary Philip
Unknown Affiliation
Sharma, Vartika
Unknown Affiliation
Madan, Ira
India, New Delhi
Sahara Centre for Residential Care and Rehabilitation
Lewis, Dean
India, New Delhi
Sahara Centre for Residential Care and Rehabilitation
Pulerwitz, Julie
United States, Washington
Path
United States, New York
The Population Council, Inc.
Thior, Ibou
United States, Washington
Path
Tun, Waimar
United States, New York
The Population Council, Inc.
Statistics
Citations: 8
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.03.021
ISSN:
03768716
Research Areas
Environmental
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Participants Gender
Male