Influence of three cultivation technologies to control Fusarium spp. In winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production under Moscow conditions

In Russia, winter wheat represents important production with a significant proportion in the whole agricultural system. However, fungal diseases induce high quantitative and qualitative losses causing critical damages with significant economic losses. The current paper aimed at investigating the impact of three integrated treatments: basic, intensive and highly intensive to control Fusarium infection. The treatments contained fertilizers, fungicides and growth regulators at different combinations and concentrations. Six winter wheat varieties were studied: Moscovckaya 39 variety (V1), Moscovckaya 40 variety (V2), Moscovckaya 56 variety (V3), Nemchinovckaya 17 variety (V4), Nemchinovckaya 24 variety (V5) and Nemchinovckaya 57 variety (V6). Yield performances and grain quality (measured through protein content) were determined according to the tested cultivation technologies and the infection rates were measured for Fusarium. The results showed that the high intensive technology (T3) was the most effective against Fusarium with the most important values in terms of wheat yield (3 t/ha) more than technology 1 (T1) and grain quality. The results were variety-dependent revealing the intrinsic genetic performances and the different patterns of resistance to Fusarium. The current results open real opportunities concerning the application of potent treatments and selection of resistant varieties.