Anti-HIV-1 and anti-HIV-1-protease substances from Ganoderma lucidum

A new highly oxygenated triterpene named ganoderic acid α has been isolated from a methanol extract of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum together with twelve known compounds. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic means including 2D-NMR. Ganoderiol F and ganodermanontriol were found to be active as anti-HIV-1 agents with an inhibitory concentration of 7.8 μg ml-1 for both, and ganoderic acid B, ganoderiol B, ganoderic acid Cl, 3β-5α-dihydroxy-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22- diene, ganoderic acid α, ganoderic acid H and ganoderiol A were moderately active inhibitors against HIV-1 PR with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 0.17-0.23 mM.