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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
EVIDENCE FOR HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION AND RELATED CONDITIONS IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA
The Lancet, Volume 328, No. 8516, Year 1986
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Description
In a hospital-based survey in Lusaka, Zambia, 189 (17·5%) of 1078 subjects had antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The prevalence of antibodies was low in subjects aged <20 or >60 years; in men the peak prevalence (32·9%) occurred in those aged 30-35 years, and in women (24·4%) it occurred in the 20-25 year age-group. There was no significant difference in prevalence by sex after adjusting for age. High educational level was independently associated with HIV seropositivity; the antibody against HIV was found in 18·4% of blood donors and in 19·0% of hospital workers. Among patients the antibody prevalence ranged from 8·7% in antenatal women and 9·3% in orthopaedic patients to 29·2% in those attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics (the prevalence being 37·3% in previous attenders and 22·8% in first-time attenders). Seropositivity rates were higher in patients with an infectious problem (23·4%) than in those without (11·4%, p=0·0002). Herpes zoster, oral thrush, diarrhoea, tuberculosis, and weight loss were independently correlated with seropositivity. The data strongly suggest that HIV infection is prevalent in Africa and is transmitted heterosexually. The restricted distribution of seropositivity to the sexually active age-groups indicates that the epidemic, at least in this part of Africa, is newly introduced; this has substantial implications for prevention. © 1986.
Authors & Co-Authors
Melbye, Mads
Denmark, Aarhus
Aarhus Universitetshospital
Bayley, Anne C.
Democratic Republic Congo
University Teaching Hospital
Manuwele, J. K.
Zambia, Woodlands
Maina Soko Military Hospital
Clayden, Susan A.
United Kingdom, London
Ucl Medical School
Blattner, William A.
Unknown Affiliation
Tedder, Richard S.
United Kingdom, London
Ucl Medical School
Njelesani, E. K.
Zambia, Lusaka
Zambian Ministry of Health
Mukelabai, K.
Democratic Republic Congo
University Teaching Hospital
Bowa, F. J.
Democratic Republic Congo
University Teaching Hospital
Levin, Arthur G.
United Kingdom, London
Clinical Research Centre
Weiss, Robin A.
United Kingdom, London
The Institute of Cancer Research
Biggar, Robert John
United States, Rockville
National Cancer Institute Nci
Statistics
Citations: 138
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90527-1
ISSN:
01406736
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Zambia
Participants Gender
Male
Female