Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lawsonia inermis Against Staphylococcus aureus

Purpose: The developed resistance of pathogenic microorganisms towards the currently used antimicrobial agents requires the fast search for newer potent antimicrobials. One of the most important ways to combat the previously mentioned disaster is the use of natural alternatives like medicinal plants. Our study aimed to estimate the anti-inflammatory property, and antibacterial effects of probiotics Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and ethanol extracts of Lawsonia inermis leaves against Staphylococcus aureus when they were used separately or collectively as synergism. Material and Methods: Experimentally induced infected wound model in mice was created and divided into 10 groups then treated for two days by L. plantarum and L. inermis individually or in combination, followed by biochemical assays. The antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and wound healing activity were evaluated through histopathological sections taken before and after treatment. Results: Our results revealed that L. plantarum and L. inermis mixture could inhibit growth of S. aureus and decrease the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L. plantarum to 2 mg/mL. The mixture decreased level of both interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferonalpha (TNF-α) to a level near the normal uninfected group. Histopathological study showed that animals treated with both L. plantarum and L. inermis had achieved almost 90% healing. Conclusion: These results suggest that L. plantarum and L. inermis mixture has synergistic effect on healing of infected wound.