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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Prevalence and incidence of HIV infection, trends, and risk factors among persons aged 15-64 years in Kenya: Results from a nationally representative study
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Volume 66, No. SUPPL. 1, Year 2014
Notification
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Description
Background: Enhanced HIV surveillance using demographic, behavioral, and biologic data from national surveys can provide information to evaluate and respond to HIV epidemics efficiently. Methods: From October 2012 to February 2013, we conducted a 2-stage cluster sampling survey of persons aged 18 months to 64 years in 9 geographic regions in Kenya. Participants answered questionnaires and provided blood for HIV testing. We estimated HIV prevalence, HIV incidence, described trends in HIV prevalence over the past 5 years, and identified factors associated with HIV infection. This analysis was restricted to persons aged 15-64 years. Results: HIV prevalence was 5.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9 to 6.3] in 2012, a significant decrease from 2007, when HIV prevalence, excluding the North Eastern region, was 7.2% (95% CI: 6.6 to 7.9). HIV incidence was 0.5% (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.9) in 2012. Among women, factors associated with undiagnosed HIV infection included being aged 35-39 years, divorced or separated, from urban residences and Nyanza region, self-perceiving a moderate risk of HIV infection, condom use with the last partner in the previous 12 months, and reporting 4 or more lifetime number of partners. Among men, widowhood, condom use with the last partner in the previous 12 months, and lack of circumcision were associated with undiagnosed HIV infection. Conclusions: HIV prevalence has declined in Kenya since 2007. With improved access to treatment, HIV prevalence has become more challenging to interpret without data on new infections and mortality. Correlates of undiagnosed HIV infection provide important information on where to prioritize prevention interventions to reduce transmission of HIV in the broader population. Copyright © 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Authors & Co-Authors
Kimanga, Davies O.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenyatta National Hospital
Ogola, Samuel
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics
Umuro, Mamo
Kenya, Nairobi
Ministry of Health Nairobi
Ng'Ang'A, Anne
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenyatta National Hospital
Kimondo, Lucy
Kenya, Nairobi
National Council for Population and Development
Murithi, Patrick
Kenya, Nairobi
National Aids Control Council
Muttunga, James N.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Waruiru, Wanjiru
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
Mohammed, Ibrahim
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenyatta National Hospital
Sharrif, Shahnaaz
Kenya, Nairobi
Ministry of Health Nairobi
de Cock, Kevin M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kim, Andrea A.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Statistics
Citations: 139
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAI.0000000000000124
ISSN:
15254135
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Kenya
Participants Gender
Male
Female