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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase mutations for drug resistance surveillance
AIDS, Volume 21, No. 2, Year 2007
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Description
OBJECTIVES: Monitoring regional levels of transmitted HIV-1 resistance informs treatment guidelines and provides feedback on the success of HIV-1 prevention efforts. Surveillance programs for estimating the frequency of transmitted resistance are being developed in both industrialized and resource-poor countries. However, such programs will not produce comparable estimates unless a standardized list of drug-resistance mutations is used to define transmitted resistance. METHODS: In this paper, we outline considerations for developing a list of drug-resistance mutations for epidemiologic estimates of transmitted resistance. First, the mutations should cause or contribute to drug resistance and should develop in persons receiving antiretroviral therapy. Second, the mutations should not occur as polymorphisms in the absence of therapy. Third, the mutation list should be applicable to all group M subtypes. Fourth, the mutation list should be simple, unambiguous, and parsimonious. RESULTS: Applying these considerations, we developed a list of 31 protease inhibitor-resistance mutations at 14 protease positions, 31 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistance mutations at 15 reverse transcriptase positions, and 18 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistance mutations at 10 reverse transcriptase positions. CONCLUSIONS: This list, which should be updated regularly using the same or similar criteria, can be used for genotypic surveillance of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance. © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Shafer, Robert William
United States, Palo Alto
Stanford University
Rhee, Soo-yoon
United States, Palo Alto
Stanford University
Morris, Lynn G.
United Kingdom, London
University College London
Miller, Veronica
United States, Washington, D.c.
The George Washington University
Sandstrom, P.
Canada, Ottawa
Public Health Agency of Canada
Schapiro, Jonathan M.
United States, Palo Alto
Stanford University
Kuritzkes, Daniel R.D.
United States, Boston
Harvard Medical School
Bennett, Diane E.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Statistics
Citations: 340
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0b013e328011e691
ISSN:
02699370
Research Areas
Cancer
Infectious Diseases